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constructive development

Толкование Перевод

1 конструктивное развитие

constructive development

Русско-английский политический словарь > конструктивное развитие
2 отношение отношени·е

1) attitude

демонстрировать своё отношение — to show one's attitude (to)

безучастное отношение — indifference, detached attitude

бережное отношение к людям — regard for / consideration for the people

бюрократическое отношение — bureaucratic attitude (to)

враждебное отношение — hostile attitude (to)

быть во враждебных отношениях — to be at enmity (with)

деляческое отношение — utilitarian attitude

добросовестное отношение к своим обязанностям — conscientious attitude to / towards one's duties

небрежное отношение — careless treatment (of)

негативное / отрицательное отношение — negative attitude

недобросовестное отношение к делу — sloppy attitude towards work

непредвзятое / объективное отношение — unbias(s)ed attitude

непримиримое отношение — uncompromising / irreconcilable attitude (to)

нерадивое отношение к обязанностям — half-hearted attitude to one's duties

несознательное отношение к своему долгу — irresponsible attitude to one's duty

пристраст ное отношение — partial / bias(s)ed attitude

сознательное отношение — reasoned attitude (to)

творческое отношение — creative attitude

трезвое отношение — matter-of-fact attitude

формальное отношение — formal / conventional attitude

халатное отношение к делу — don't care attitude to one's work

хозяйское отношение к делу — proprietary approach

2) мн

(взаимные связи) — relations, relationship

активизировать отношения — to enliven relations

ввести отношения в нормальное русло — to switch relations onto a normal track

возобновить отношения — to resume relations

восстановить отношения — to reestablish / to resume / to restore relations

временно прервать отношения — to suspend relations

завязать отношения — to initiate relations

заложить основы отношений — to lay the foundations of relations

запутать отношения — to muddle / to blur / to dim relations / relationship

изменить характер отношений — to reshape relations

испортить отношения — to damage / to upset relations

испортить отношения между странами — to harm / to damage relations between the countries

крепить / упрочить отношения — cement; relations

лежать в основе отношений — to underlie the relations

нанести ущерб отношениям — to damage / to harm / to impair / to upset relations

нормализовать отношения — to normalize relations

обострять отношения — to exacerbate relations

омрачать / портить отношения — to mar relations

осложнять отношения — to plague relations

открыть новую главу в отношениях (между странами) — to open a new chapter in relations

перевести отношения на более низкий уровень — to downgrade relations

перестраивать отношения — to recast / to restructure relations

поддерживать / сохранять отношения — to maintain relations

поднять отношения на более высокую ступень — to raise relations to a new level

порвать / разорвать отношения — to break off / to disrupt / to rupture / to sever relations

прекратить отношения — to terminate relations

прервать отношения — to interrupt relations

придать отношениям большую стабильность — to give greater stability to relations

придать отношениям разносторонность и стабильность — to make relations diversified and stable

развивать отношения — to develop relations

расширять отношения — to expand relations

сделать отношения напряжёнными — to strain relations

сделать отношения натянутыми — to sour relations

сознательно отравлять отношения — to poison relations deliberately

стабилизировать отношения между сверхдержавами — to stabilize superpower relations

строить отношения на долговременной основе — build relations on a long-term basis

углублять отношения — to deepen relations

укреплять отношения — to strengthen relations

улучшать отношения — to improve / to repair relations

незначительно улучшать отношения — to improve relations on the margins

отказаться от мысли улучшить отношения — give up on improving relations

установить отношения — to enter into / to establish relations

установить хорошие отношения с представителями прессы / с прессой — to cultivate reporters

отношения стали прохладными — relations have cooled

отношения успешно развиваются — the relations are making good headway

взаимовыгодные отношения — mutually advantageous / beneficial relations

внешние отношения — external / foreign relations

враждебные отношения — hostility / hostile relations

двусторонние отношения — bilateral relations

деловые отношения — business relations

денежные отношения — monetary / money relations

стабилизировать сферу денежных отношений — to stabilize monetary relations

дипломатические отношения — diplomatic intercourse / relations

приостановить дипломатические отношения — to suspend diplomatic relations

разорвать дипломатические отношения — to break off diplomatic relations

устанавливать дипломатические отношения — to establish diplomatic relations

полные дипломатические отношения, в полном объеме — full diplomatic relations

акты об установлении дипломатических отношений — official papers on establishment of diplomatic missions

отсутствие дипломатических отношений — absence of diplomatic relations

приостановка дипломатических отношений — suspention of diplomatic relations

разрыв дипломатических отношений — breach / breaking off / rupture / severance of diplomatic relations

полный разрыв дипломатических отношений — full diplomatic breach

улучшение дипломатических отношений — diplomatic metl-down

установление дипломатических отношений — establishment of diplomatic relations

формальное установление дипломатических отношений — formal initiation / establishment of diplomatic relations

добрососедские отношения — good-neighbourly / good-neighbour relations

налаживать добрососедские отношения — to establish good-neighbourly relations

развивать добрососедские отношения — to develop good-neighbourly / good-neighbour relations

доверительные отношения — confidential relations

договорные отношения — treaty relations

находиться в договорных отношениях — to be in treaty relations

дружественные отношения — amicable / friendly relations

имущественные отношения — property relations

конструктивные отношения — constructive relations

культурные отношения — cultural relations

межгосударственные отношения — interstate / state-to-state relations

общепризнанные нормы межгосударственных отношений — generally recognized norms of relations between states

международно-правовые отношения — international legal relations

международные отношения — international intercourse, international / foreign relations

господствовать в международных отношениях — to dominate international relations

демилитаризовать международные отношения — to demilitarize international relations

определять международные политические отношения — to determine political relations among nations

определять климат международных отношений — to shape the climate of international relations

равноправные / справедливые международные отношения — equitable international relations

гармонизация международных отношений — harmonizing of international relations

гуманизация отношений — making relations more humane

имитация / моделирование международных отношение — simulation of international relations

нормализация международных отношений — normalization of international relations

подход к международным отношениям — approach to international relations

стабилизация международных отношений — stabilization of international relations

субъект международных отношений — international entity

теория международных отношений — theory of international relations

характер и содержание международных отношений — shape and content of world politics

межнациональные отношения — interethnic relations, international relations

межправительственные отношения — intergovernmental relations

мирные / миролюбивые отношения — peace / peaceful relations

многообещающие отношения — budding relationship

многосторонние отношения — multilateral relations

принцип многосторонних отношений (напр. торговых между несколькими странами) — multilateralism

напряжённые / натянутые отношения — tense / strained relations

национальные отношения — national relations

обострение национальных отношений — exacerbation of national relations

нормальные отношения — normal relations

общественные отношения — social relations

официальные отношения — official intercourse

поддерживать официальные отношения — to hold official intercourse

совершенствование общественных отношений — perfecting / refinement of social relations

правовые отношения — legal relations

производственные отношения — production relations

господствующий тип производственных отношений — dominant form of production relations

прочные отношения — stable relationship

равноправные отношения — equitable relations

равноправные отношения независимых государств — relations of equality based on independence

рыночные товарные отношения — exchange relations

российско-американские отношения — Russian-American relations

центральный вопрос в российско-английских отношениях — centrepiece of Russian-English relations

торговые отношения — trade / commercial relations

завязать торговые отношения — to open business relations

торговые отношения между штатами — interstate commerce

трудовые отношения — labour relations

финансовые отношения — fiscal relations

широкие и плодотворные отношения — broad and productive relationship

экономические отношения — economic relations

взаимовыгодные экономические отношения — mutually advatageous / beneficial economic relations

неравноправные экономические отношения — inequitable economic relations

нарушение нормальных международных экономических отношений — international economic disintegration

оздоровление международных экономических отношений — normalization of international economic relations

новый тип международных экономических отношений — new type of international economic relations

беспристрастность отношений — lack of bias in relations

изменение отношений — change in relations

искажённая картина отношений — distorted picture of the relations

масштаб отношений — scope of relations

налаживание отношений — development of relations; (с избирателями, печатью и т.п.) fence-mending

нормализация отношений — normalization of relations

опасное обострение отношений — dangerous exacerbation of relations

основа для поддержания отношений — basis for conducting relations

отношения взаимного доверия — relations of mutual trust

отношения взаимовыгодного сотрудничества — relations of mutually advantageous / beneficial cooperation

отношения взаимопонимания — relations of mutual understanding

отношения между государствами — relations between states

отношения между странами — relations between countries

прохладные отношения между странами — standoff between the countries

отношения между странами значительно ухудшились — the relations between the countries are at a low ebb

отношения на данном этапе — relations at this juncture

отношения обмена — relations in the sphere of exchanges

отношение полного доверия — relationship of trust and confidence

отношения, построенные на страхе — relations built on fear

отношения сотрудничества и взаимопомощи — relations of cooperation and mutual help

отношение спроса и предложения — relation of supply and demand

охлаждение в отношение ях — cooldown / chill in relations

переоценка отношений — reappraisal of relations

перестройка отношений — restructuring of relations

преемственность в отношениях — continuity in relations

развитие отношений — development of relations

содействовать / способствовать развитию отношений — to further / to promote relations

конструктивное развитие отношений — constructive development of relations

разрыв отношений — breaking off / rupture / severance of relations

угрожать разрывом отношений — to threaten a rupture of relations

сдержанность вотношениях — restraint in relations

улучшение отношений — improvement in relations

коренное улучшение отношений — radical improvement in relations

в поисках / целях улучшения отношений — in pursuit of improved relations

установление отношений — establishment of relations

ухудшение отношений — aggravation / deterioration in / of relations

3)

имеющий отношение к делу — relevant

иметь весьма отдалённое отношение — be very remotely connected (with)

иметь косвенное отношение — to be indirectly relevant (to)

иметь непосредственное отношение — to be of direct relevance (to)

иметь прямое отношение — to have a direct bearing (on)

не иметь прямого отношения к делу — to have no bearing on the subject

4)

в других отношение ях — in other respects

в отношении чего-л. — in respect of smth.

во всех отношениях — in all respects / in every respect

во многих отношениях — in many respects

по отношению к чему-л. — with respect to smth.

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > отношение отношени·е
3 результативный

ложный друг!

positive, constructive (Главное, что нужно подчеркнуть здесь в английском, это — достижение конструктивных или положительных результатов)

Это стало возможно благодаря результативному развитию русско-американских отношений. - This was possible/came about because of the/thanks to the positive/constructive development of Russian-American relations.

Словарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > результативный
4 результативный

ложный друг!

positive, constructive (Главное, что нужно подчеркнуть здесь в английском, это — достижение конструктивных или положительных результатов)

Это стало возможно благодаря результативному развитию русско-американских отношений. - This was possible/came about because of the/thanks to the positive/constructive development of Russian-American relations.

Русско-английский словарь переводчика-синхрониста > результативный
5 результативное развитие

Politics: constructive development, positive development

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > результативное развитие
6 конструктивное развитие

Diplomatic term: constructive development

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > конструктивное развитие
7 конструктивное развитие отношений

Diplomatic term: constructive development of relations

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > конструктивное развитие отношений
8 творчески

1. прил. creative

(съзидателен) constructive

(оригинален) original

творческа работа creative work

творчески съюзи unions of artists, intellectuals, etc.

творческо обсъждане a constructive discussion

творческо пресъздаване a creative/original reproduction/portrayal

творческа сила creative/constructive power

creativeness; constructive spirit

творческа критика constructive criticism

2. нар. constructively, in a creative/constructive manner/spirit; with a constructive approach

* * *

тво̀рчески,

прил., -а, -о, -и creative; ( съзидателен) constructive; ( оригинален) original; \творческиа сила creative/constructive power; creativeness; constructive spirit; \творческии път development, evolution (as a writer, etc.); \творческии съюзи unions of artists, intellectuals, etc.; \творческии успехи achievements; \творческио обсъждане a constructive discussion; \творческио пресъздаване a creative/original reproduction/portrayal.

——————

нареч. constructively in a creative/constructive manner/spirit; with a constructive approach.

* * *

creative: творчески power - творческа сила; constructive: творчески approach - творчески подход; imaginative ; original {x`ridjinxl}; parturient

* * *
1. (оригинален) original 2. (съзидателен) constructive 3. 1 прил. creative 4. 2 нар. constructively, in a creative/ constructive manner/spirit; with a constructive approach 5. crеativeness;constructive spirit 6. ТВОРЧЕСКИ съюзи unions of artists, intellectuals, etc. 7. творческа критика constructive criticism 8. творческа работа creative work 9. творческа сила creative/constructive power 10. творческо обсъждане a constructive discussion 11. творческо пресъздаване a creative/original reproduction/portrayal

Български-английски речник > творчески
9 presentar

v.

1 to present.

Ella presenta soluciones She presents solutions.

Ella le presenta a Ricardo un regalo She presents Richard a gift.

Ellos presentan a los candidatos They present=field the candidates.

2 to make (ofrecer) (disculpas, excusas).

3 to introduce (person).

me presentó a sus amigos she introduced me to her friends

me parece que no nos han presentado I don't think we've been introduced

Juan, te presento a Carmen Juan, this is Carmen

permítame que le presente a nuestra directora allow me to introduce you to our manager, I'd like you to meet our manager

Ella presenta a los invitados She introduces the guests.

4 to have, to show (tener) (aspecto).

presenta difícil solución it's going to be difficult to solve

Ella le presenta al público una obra She shows the public a play.

5 to host, to be the host of, to act as a compere for, to compere.

Ella presenta el programa She hosts the program.

* * *

presentar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to present; (mostrar) to show

■ hay que presentar la identificación you have to show your identification

■ me ha presentado sus disculpas he has apologized

■ presentó a concurso su primera novela she entered her first novel in a competition

2 (entregar) to hand in

3 (sacar al mercado) to launch

4 (personas) to introduce

■ ¿te han presentado ya? have you been introduced yet?

■ os presento a mi novia this is my girlfriend

5 TELEVISIÓN to present

6 (ofrecer) to offer, show

■ esta cicatriz no presenta buen aspecto that scar doesn't look good

► verbo pronominal presentarse

1 (comparecer) to turn up

■ nos presentamos en su casa sin previo aviso we turned up at her house without prior warning

■ se presentó a la policía inmediatamente he went straight to the police

2 (para elección) to stand; (en un concurso) to enter

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

presentar una denuncia to lodge a complaint

presentar una ponencia to present a paper

* * *

verb

1) to present

2) introduce

3) submit

4) make a gift

•

- presentarse

* * *

1. VT

1) (=enseñar, exponer) [gen] to present; [+ moción, candidato] to propose, put forward; [+ pruebas, informe] to submit; [+ documento, pasaporte] to show

presentar una propuesta — to make o present a proposal

presentar algo al cobro o al pago — (Com) to present sth for payment

2) (=entregar) to hand in

mañana tengo que presentar un trabajo — I have to hand in an essay tomorrow

presentó la dimisión — he handed in his resignation, he resigned

3) (=mostrar) [+ señal, síntoma] to show

presenta señales de deterioro — it is showing signs of wear

4) (=exponer al público) [+ producto, disco, libro] to launch

presentó su obra en la Galería Mons — she showed her work at the Galería Mons

5) [en espectáculo] [+ obra] to perform; [+ actor, actriz] to present, feature

el grupo presentó una obra en un solo acto — the group performed a one-act play

6) (=ser presentador de) [+ programa televisivo] to present, host

J. Pérez presenta el programa — the programme is presented o hosted by J. Pérez

¿quién presenta ahora las noticias de las nueve? — who presents o reads the nine o'clock news now?

7) (=tener) to have

este año el examen presenta novedades — this year the exam has some new features

el ferrocarril presenta ventajas evidentes — the train offers o has obvious advantages

el cadáver presentaba varios impactos de bala — the body had several bullet wounds

el coche presenta ciertas modificaciones — the car has had certain changes made to it

8) [+ persona] to introduce

me presentó a sus padres — he introduced me to his parents

permítanme presentarles a don Narciso Gómez — allow me to introduce Mr Narciso Gómez (to you)

te presento a Carlos — this is Carlos

a ver si te presento a mi amiga Jacinta — you must meet my friend Jacinta, I must introduce you to my friend Jacinta

ser presentada en sociedad — to come out, make one's début

9) (=ofrecer) [+ disculpa] to offer, make

presentó sus respetos — she paid her respects

le presento mis consideraciones — [en carta] yours faithfully

10) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

presentar batalla — (lit) to draw up in battle array; (fig) to offer resistance

2.

See:

presentarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado — a well-presented product

b) ( exponer por primera vez) <libro/disco> to launch; < obra de arte> to present; < colección de moda> to present, exhibit

c) ( entregar) <informe/solicitud> to submit

le presenté el pasaporte — I gave him my passport, I presented my passport to him

d) ( enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar — you have to show your membership card to get in

e) <disculpas/excusas> to make; < dimisión> to hand in, submit; < queja> to file, make

fui a presentar mis respetos — I went to pay my respects

presentaron una denuncia — they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas — to present evidence

presentar cargos — to bring charges

presentar una demanda — to bring a lawsuit

f) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

2) (TV) < programa> to present, introduce

3) < persona> to introduce

te presento a mi hermana — I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4) <novedad/ventaja> to offer; < síntoma> to show
2.
presentarse v pron

1)

a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear

presentarse (como) voluntario — to volunteer

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía — he turned himself in to the police

presentarse ante el juez — to appear before the judge

b) (a concurso, examen)

se presentó al examen — she took o (BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso — I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente — he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent

presentarse para un cargo — to apply for a post

2) dificultad/problema to arise, come up, crop up (colloq)

si se me presenta la oportunidad — if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor — the future looks promising

3) ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

presentarse en sociedad — to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

= bring to + the attention, display, draw, exhibit, expose, feature, introduce, open up, pose, present, provide with, set out, subject, throw up, render, put before, produce, table, submit, unveil, showcase, surrender, lay out, roll out, construct, tender, come up with, report, bring forward, deliver.

Ex. Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.

Ex. The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

Ex. For example, when setting up the format for records in a data base, the user can draw a form on the screen, complete with headings for each field, and then, the data is entered into the form.

Ex. These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex. The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.

Ex. Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.

Ex. The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex. Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.

Ex. This illustrates the puzzle that differential policies pose for users.

Ex. Informative abstract present as much as possible of the quantitative or qualitative information contained in a document.

Ex. Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.

Ex. A short score is a sketch made by a composer for an ensemble work, with the main features of the composition set out on a few staves.

Ex. Author abstracts are the abstracts prepared by authors of the document that has been subjected to abstracting.

Ex. Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.

Ex. The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex. The art of documentation is the process by which the documentalist is enabled to put before the creative specialist the existing literature bearing on the subject of his investigation.

Ex. The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.

Ex. This list indicates the dates the reports were tabled and any further action take.

Ex. Most publications are probably free distribution material and whilst that does not absolve the publishers from the obligation of legal deposit it is probable that many local authorities do not submit their materials.

Ex. Here is an institution which knows, neither rank nor wealth within its walls, which stops the ignorant peer or the ignorant monarch at its threshold, and declines to unveil to him its treasures, or to waste time upon him, and yet welcomes the workman according to his knowledge or thirst for knowledge.

Ex. Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

Ex. The book's date label is stamped in the usual way, and the reader must surrender one token for each book he is borrowing.

Ex. There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.

Ex. I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

Ex. It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex. This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.

Ex. Derfer corroborated her: 'I'd be very proud of you if you could come up with the means to draft a model collection development policy'.

Ex. Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.

Ex. They also intend to bring forward legislation to provide that the maximum amount of compensation should be £500,000.

Ex. The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.

----

* argumento que presenta sólo un punto de vista = one-sided argument.

* oportunidad + presentarse = opportunity + knock, opportunity + present + Reflexivo.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + Nombre + in a new light, throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar argumentos a favor = make + a case for.

* presentar argumentos a favor de = present + arguments in favour of.

* presentar como = make + Nombre + out to be.

* presentar conclusiones = provide + conclusions.

* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.

* presentar deficiencias = fall + short.

* presentar de manera esquemática = give + overview.

* presentar dentro de = package.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentar detalladamente = spread out.

* presentar dificultad = present + difficulty.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* presentar en pantalla = call up, print + online, bring up, screen.

* presentar evidencia a favor de = present + case for.

* presentar información = submit + information, package + information.

* presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.

* presentar la evolución de Algo = chart + the history.

* presentar la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to.

* presentar las pruebas ante = lay + evidence before.

* presentar peligro = present + danger.

* presentar + Posesivo + respetos = pay + Posesivo + respects.

* presentar posibilidades = present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.

* presentar problemas = present + problems.

* presentar pruebas = give + evidence.

* presentar resultados = report + findings, report + results.

* presentar reto = defy.

* presentarse = come in, manifest + Reflexivo, turn up, show up, unfold, come forward, come with.

* presentarse a = stand for.

* presentarse a una elección = stand for + election, run for + election.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* presentar (según) = cast (in/into).

* presentarse una ocasión = occasion + arise.

* presentar similitudes = share + similarities.

* presentar una amenaza = pose + threat.

* presentar una comunicación = deliver + paper, give + paper, present + paper.

* presentar una contribución = present + contribution.

* presentar una demanda = file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.

* presentar una demanda judicial = take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.

* presentar una denuncia = file + police report.

* presentar una factura = submit + bill.

* presentar una idea = make + point, put forward + idea, offer + perspective, present + idea.

* presentar una imagen = present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image.

* presentar una oportunidad = afford + opportunity.

* presentar una petición = submit + petition.

* presentar una ponencia = give + paper, read + paper.

* presentar una propuesta = submit + proposal.

* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.

* presentar una reclamación = enter + complaint, place + claim, file + complaint.

* presentar un argumento = advance + argument.

* presentar una solicitud = submit + application.

* presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.

* presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.

* presentar una visión = present + a picture.

* presentar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.

* presentar un dilema = present + dilemma.

* presentar un frente común = present + common front.

* presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.

* presentar un obstáculo = pose + obstacle.

* presentar un peligro = pose + danger.

* presentar un problema = pose + problem, air + problem.

* presentar un programa = present + programme.

* presentar un proyecto = submit + project, present + project.

* presentar un resumen = give + summary.

* presentar un reto = present + challenge, provide + challenge.

* presentar un riesgo = pose + risk.

* presentar vestigios de = bear + traces of.

* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.

* volver a presentar = resubmit [re-submit].

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1)

a) ( mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado — a well-presented product

b) ( exponer por primera vez) <libro/disco> to launch; < obra de arte> to present; < colección de moda> to present, exhibit

c) ( entregar) <informe/solicitud> to submit

le presenté el pasaporte — I gave him my passport, I presented my passport to him

d) ( enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar — you have to show your membership card to get in

e) <disculpas/excusas> to make; < dimisión> to hand in, submit; < queja> to file, make

fui a presentar mis respetos — I went to pay my respects

presentaron una denuncia — they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas — to present evidence

presentar cargos — to bring charges

presentar una demanda — to bring a lawsuit

f) (Mil)

presentar armas — to present arms

2) (TV) < programa> to present, introduce

3) < persona> to introduce

te presento a mi hermana — I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4) <novedad/ventaja> to offer; < síntoma> to show
2.
presentarse v pron

1)

a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear

presentarse (como) voluntario — to volunteer

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía — he turned himself in to the police

presentarse ante el juez — to appear before the judge

b) (a concurso, examen)

se presentó al examen — she took o (BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso — I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente — he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent

presentarse para un cargo — to apply for a post

2) dificultad/problema to arise, come up, crop up (colloq)

si se me presenta la oportunidad — if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor — the future looks promising

3) ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

presentarse en sociedad — to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

presentar (según)

(v.) = cast (in/into)

Ex: Which of the following subject analyses is cast in the citation order PMEST?.

= bring to + the attention, display, draw, exhibit, expose, feature, introduce, open up, pose, present, provide with, set out, subject, throw up, render, put before, produce, table, submit, unveil, showcase, surrender, lay out, roll out, construct, tender, come up with, report, bring forward, deliver.

Ex: Many displays are changed from time to time (for example, once a week, or once a month) so that various sections of the stock may be brought to the attention of the library's public over a period of time.

Ex: The command function 'DISPLAY' is used to display a list of alphabetically linked terms.

Ex: For example, when setting up the format for records in a data base, the user can draw a form on the screen, complete with headings for each field, and then, the data is entered into the form.

Ex: These headings, therefore, in addition to exhibiting a bias in favor of the majority, actively hinder access.

Ex: The reputation of the information and its authority will be more exposed to examination.

Ex: Other catalogues and bibliographies only feature added entries under title where it is deemed that the author main entry heading is not likely to be obvious to the users.

Ex: The report introduced a range of ideas which have influenced subsequent code construction.

Ex: Here is a key paper by a non librarian which opens up a new and constructive approach to library purpose.

Ex: This illustrates the puzzle that differential policies pose for users.

Ex: Informative abstract present as much as possible of the quantitative or qualitative information contained in a document.

Ex: Many libraries provide users with photocopies of contents pages of selected journals.

Ex: A short score is a sketch made by a composer for an ensemble work, with the main features of the composition set out on a few staves.

Ex: Author abstracts are the abstracts prepared by authors of the document that has been subjected to abstracting.

Ex: Demands from clients will often throw up an occurrence of similar problems, revealing perhaps the operation of an injustice, the lack of an amenity in the neighbourhood, or simply bureaucratic inefficiency.

Ex: The eventuality is, admittedly, remote but it is also necessary to render the imprint statement in this amount of detail.

Ex: The art of documentation is the process by which the documentalist is enabled to put before the creative specialist the existing literature bearing on the subject of his investigation.

Ex: The perfect librarian may be defined as one who produces the information a reader requires as soon as the reader asks for it.

Ex: This list indicates the dates the reports were tabled and any further action take.

Ex: Most publications are probably free distribution material and whilst that does not absolve the publishers from the obligation of legal deposit it is probable that many local authorities do not submit their materials.

Ex: Here is an institution which knows, neither rank nor wealth within its walls, which stops the ignorant peer or the ignorant monarch at its threshold, and declines to unveil to him its treasures, or to waste time upon him, and yet welcomes the workman according to his knowledge or thirst for knowledge.

Ex: Officially known as SOLEX, this exhibition showcases mainly IT based products for the legal profession.

Ex: The book's date label is stamped in the usual way, and the reader must surrender one token for each book he is borrowing.

Ex: There should be plenty of space to lay out all the books attractively and for people to move about without feeling too crowded.

Ex: I don't need to tell those of you from higher education institutions how course management systems are starting to really proliferate and roll out in higher education.

Ex: It is argued that newspaper reporting of bigamy constructs bigamists as being a threat to the institution of marriage.

Ex: This address was tendered at the State Library of Victoria, Nov 88, to mark the retirement of Professor Jean Whyte.

Ex: Derfer corroborated her: 'I'd be very proud of you if you could come up with the means to draft a model collection development policy'.

Ex: Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.

Ex: They also intend to bring forward legislation to provide that the maximum amount of compensation should be £500,000.

Ex: The result could be termed a full-provision data base -- a data base including both text and reference, and delivering much more than the 2 added together.

* argumento que presenta sólo un punto de vista = one-sided argument.

* oportunidad + presentarse = opportunity + knock, opportunity + present + Reflexivo.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva óptica = throw + Nombre + in a new light, throw + new light on.

* presentar Algo desde un nuevo ángulo = throw + new light on.

* presentar argumentos a favor = make + a case for.

* presentar argumentos a favor de = present + arguments in favour of.

* presentar como = make + Nombre + out to be.

* presentar conclusiones = provide + conclusions.

* presentar conocimiento = package + knowledge.

* presentar deficiencias = fall + short.

* presentar de manera esquemática = give + overview.

* presentar dentro de = package.

* presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.

* presentar detalladamente = spread out.

* presentar dificultad = present + difficulty.

* presentar en forma de tabla = tabulate.

* presentar en pantalla = call up, print + online, bring up, screen.

* presentar evidencia a favor de = present + case for.

* presentar información = submit + information, package + information.

* presentar información de varios modos = repackage + information.

* presentar la evolución de Algo = chart + the history.

* presentar la oportunidad = allow + the opportunity to.

* presentar las pruebas ante = lay + evidence before.

* presentar peligro = present + danger.

* presentar + Posesivo + respetos = pay + Posesivo + respects.

* presentar posibilidades = present + possibilities, open (up) + avenues.

* presentar problemas = present + problems.

* presentar pruebas = give + evidence.

* presentar resultados = report + findings, report + results.

* presentar reto = defy.

* presentarse = come in, manifest + Reflexivo, turn up, show up, unfold, come forward, come with.

* presentarse a = stand for.

* presentarse a una elección = stand for + election, run for + election.

* presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.

* presentar (según) = cast (in/into).

* presentarse una ocasión = occasion + arise.

* presentar similitudes = share + similarities.

* presentar una amenaza = pose + threat.

* presentar una comunicación = deliver + paper, give + paper, present + paper.

* presentar una contribución = present + contribution.

* presentar una demanda = file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.

* presentar una demanda judicial = take + legal action, take + legal proceedings.

* presentar una denuncia = file + police report.

* presentar una factura = submit + bill.

* presentar una idea = make + point, put forward + idea, offer + perspective, present + idea.

* presentar una imagen = present + picture, paint + a picture, present + an image.

* presentar una oportunidad = afford + opportunity.

* presentar una petición = submit + petition.

* presentar una ponencia = give + paper, read + paper.

* presentar una propuesta = submit + proposal.

* presentar una queja = register + complaint, lodge + complaint, file + complaint, file + grievance.

* presentar una reclamación = enter + complaint, place + claim, file + complaint.

* presentar un argumento = advance + argument.

* presentar una solicitud = submit + application.

* presentar un aspecto = present + a picture.

* presentar un aspecto de = wear + a look of.

* presentar una visión = present + a picture.

* presentar una visión global = give + overview, present + an overview, present + an overall picture, give + an overall picture, overview.

* presentar un buen aspecto = look + good.

* presentar un dilema = present + dilemma.

* presentar un frente común = present + common front.

* presentar un informe = give + a report, present + report.

* presentar un obstáculo = pose + obstacle.

* presentar un peligro = pose + danger.

* presentar un problema = pose + problem, air + problem.

* presentar un programa = present + programme.

* presentar un proyecto = submit + project, present + project.

* presentar un resumen = give + summary.

* presentar un reto = present + challenge, provide + challenge.

* presentar un riesgo = pose + risk.

* presentar vestigios de = bear + traces of.

* seleccionar y presentar en un documento = package.

* volver a presentar = resubmit [re-submit].

* * *

presentar [A1 ]

vt

A

1 (mostrar) to present

un producto bien presentado a well-presented product

2 (exponer por primera vez) ‹libro/disco› to launch

presentó sus nuevos cuadros she presented her new paintings

presentará su colección de otoño en Londres he will present o exhibit his autumn collection in London

el nuevo XS34 se presentará al público en el salón de Turín the new XS34 will be on display (to the public) for the first time at the Turin show

3 (entregar) ‹informe/solicitud› to submit

le presenté el pasaporte para que me lo sellara I gave him my passport for stamping, I presented my passport to him for stamping

tengo que presentar los planes mañana I have to submit o present the plans tomorrow

4 (enseñar) to show

hay que presentar el carné para entrar you have to show your membership card to get in

5 ‹disculpas/excusas› to make

fui a presentar mis respetos I went to pay my respects

presentó su dimisión she handed in o submitted her resignation, she resigned

pienso presentar una queja I intend filing o making a complaint

presentaron una denuncia they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint

presentar pruebas to present evidence

presentar cargos to bring charges

presentar una demanda to bring a lawsuit

6 ( Mil):

presentar armas to present arms

B (TV) ‹programa› to present, introduce

C [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] ‹persona› to introduce

el director presentó al conferenciante the director introduced the speaker

me presentó a su familia he introduced me to his family

te presento a mi hermana I'd like you to meet my sister/this is my sister

D

(mostrar, ofrecer): el nuevo modelo presenta algunas novedades the latest model has o offers some new features

presenta muchas ventajas para el consumidor it offers the consumer many advantages

el paciente no presentaba síntomas de intoxicación the patient showed no signs of food poisoning

el cadáver presenta un impacto de bala en el costado ( frml); there is a bullet wound in the side of the body, the body has a bullet wound in the side

■ presentarse

v pron

A

1 (en un lugar) to turn up, appear

se presentó en casa sin avisar he turned up o showed up o appeared at the house unexpectedly

se presentó (como) voluntario he volunteered

se presentó voluntariamente a la policía he turned himself in to the police

tendrá que presentarse ante el juez he will have to appear before the judge

2

(a un concurso, examen): se presentó al examen she took o ( BrE) sat the exam

me presenté al concurso I entered the competition

se presenta como candidato independiente he's an independent candidate, he's running as an independent ( AmE), he's standing as an independent ( BrE)

se presentó para el cargo de director he applied for the post of director

B «dificultad/problema» to arise, come up, crop up ( colloq)

estaré allí salvo que se presente algún impedimento I'll be there unless something crops up o comes up

si se me presenta la oportunidad if I get the opportunity, if the opportunity arises

el futuro se presenta prometedor the future looks promising

el asunto se presenta muy mal things are looking very bad

C (darse a conocer) to introduce oneself

permítame que me presente allow me to introduce myself

presentarse en sociedad to make one's debut (in society)

* * *

presentar ( conjugate presentar) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( mostrar) to present

b) ( exponer por primera vez) ‹libro/disco› to launch;

‹ obra de arte› to present;
‹ colección de moda› to present, exhibit
c) ( entregar) ‹informe/solicitud› to submit;

‹ trabajo› to hand in;
‹ renuncia› to hand in, submit
d) ( enseñar) ‹carnet/pasaporte› to show

e) ‹disculpas/excusas› to make;

‹ queja› to file, make;
‹ cargos› to bring;
◊ presentaron una denuncia they reported the matter (to the police), they made an official complaint;

presentar pruebas to present evidence
f) (Mil):

◊ presentar armas to present arms

2 (TV) ‹ programa› to present, introduce
3 ‹ persona› to introduce;
◊ te presento a mi hermana I'd like you to meet my sister, this is my sister

4 ‹novedad/ventaja› to offer;
‹ síntoma› to show
presentarse verbo pronominal
1
a) ( en lugar) to turn up, appear;

◊ presentarse (como) voluntario to volunteer

b) presentarse a algo ‹ a examen› to take sth;

‹ a concurso› to enter sth;
‹ a elecciones› to take part in sth;
◊ se presenta como candidato independiente he's running (AmE) o (BrE) he's standing as an independent;

presentarse para un cargo to apply for a post
2 [dificultad/problema] to arise, come up;
[ oportunidad] to arise
3 ( darse a conocer) to introduce oneself
presentar verbo transitivo
1 (un programa, pruebas, etc) to present
2 (un producto) to launch
3 (a una persona) to introduce
4 (síntomas, características, etc) to have, show
5 (disculpas) to give, present
(condolencias) to give, pay
6 (la dimisión) to hand in
7 (una queja) to file, make
' presentar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
alegar
- compeler
- convenir
- dimisión
- esquema
- revestir
- dar
- demanda
- denuncia
- introducir
- licitar
- moción
- queja
- querella
- renuncia
English:
bring forward
- charge
- claim
- field
- file
- hand in
- host
- introduce
- lay
- lodge
- make out
- model
- pay
- present
- press
- produce
- put in
- put on
- put up
- register
- render
- replay
- report
- represent
- rerun
- respect
- serve up
- set out
- show
- slant
- star
- submit
- table
- this
- bring
- come
- display
- enter
- exhibit
- float
- hand
- notice
- propose
- put
- retake
- sponsor
- tender

* * *

presentar

♦ vt

1. [mostrar, entregar] to present;
[dimisión] to tender, to hand in; [tesis] to hand in, to submit; [pruebas, propuesta] to submit; [recurso, denuncia] to lodge; [solicitud] to make; [moción] to propose;
presente su pasaporte en la ventanilla show your passport at the window;

presentar cargos/una demanda contra alguien to bring charges/an action against sb;

¡presenten armas! [en ejército] present arms!;

es un trabajo muy bien presentado it is a very well presented piece of work

2. [dar a conocer] to introduce;

me presentó a sus amigos she introduced me to her friends;

Juan, te presento a Carmen Juan, this is Carmen;

me parece que no nos han presentado I don't think we've been introduced;

permítame que le presente a nuestra directora allow me to introduce you to our manager, I'd like you to meet our manager;

no se conocían, pero yo los presenté they didn't know each other, but I introduced them (to each other)

3. [anunciar] [programa de radio o televisión] to present;
[espectáculo] to compere;
la mujer que presenta el telediario the woman who reads the news on TV

4. [proponer para competición] [obra] to enter;

presentar una novela a un premio literario to enter a novel for a literary prize;

presentar una película a concurso to enter a film at a film festival;

presentar a alguien para algo to propose sb for sth, to put sb forward for sth;

el partido presentará a la señora Cruz para la alcaldía the party is putting Mrs Cruz forward for the office of mayor, Mrs Cruz will be the party's candidate for the office of mayor

5. [exhibir por primera vez] [planes, presupuestos] to present;
[película] to premiere; [libro, disco] to launch;
el club presentó a su último fichaje ante la prensa the club introduced its new signing to the press

6. [ofrecer] [disculpas, excusas] to make;
[respetos] to pay;
nos presentó (sus) disculpas he made his excuses to us

7. [tener] [aspecto, características, novedades] to have;

este fondo de inversión presenta grandes ventajas this investment fund offers o has big advantages;

la playa presenta un aspecto deplorable the beach is in a terrible state;

presenta difícil solución it's going to be difficult to solve;

el paciente presentaba síntomas de deshidratación the patient presented symptoms of dehydration

♦ See also the pronominal verb presentarse

* * *

presentar

v/t

1 TV present

2 a alguien introduce

3 producto launch

4 solicitud submit

* * *

presentar vt

1) : to present, to show

2) : to offer, to give

3) : to submit (a document), to launch (a product)

4) : to introduce (a person)

♦ See also the reflexive verb presentarse

* * *

presentar vb

1. (personas) to introduce

me presentó a su marido she introduced me to her husband

te presento a Iván this is Iván / meet Iván

2. (programa, idea, propuesta) to present

3. (un producto) to launch

el escritor presenta su nuevo libro the writer is launching his new book

4. (señales, aspecto) to have / to show [pt. showed; pp. shown]

el paciente presenta muy buen aspecto the patient looks quite well

Spanish-English dictionary > presentar
10 falta

f.

1 lack (carencia).

hay falta de trabajo there's a shortage of work

a falta de in the absence of

por falta de for want o lack of

fue absuelto por falta de pruebas he was acquitted for lack of evidence

es una falta de educación it's bad manners

es una falta de respeto it shows a lack of respect

2 absence (ausencia).

nadie notó su falta nobody noticed his/its absence

echar en falta algo/a alguien to notice that something/somebody is missing; (notar la ausencia de) to miss something/somebody (echar de menos)

sin falta without fail

el lunes sin falta on Monday without fail

3 fault.

sacarle faltas a alguien/algo to find fault with somebody/something

falta de ortografía spelling mistake

4 foul (sport) (infracción).

lanzar o sacar una falta to take a free kick

falta libre directa direct free kick offense

falta personal personal foul

5 offense (law).

falta grave/leve serious/minor offense

6 missed period.

7 shortcoming, lapse, foul, failing.

8 need, want.

pres.indicat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: faltar.

imperat.

2^nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: faltar.

* * *

falta

► nombre femenino

1 (carencia) lack

■ falta de sensibilidad lack of sensitivity

2 (escasez) shortage

■ existe una falta de agua there is a water shortage

3 (ausencia) absence

4 (error) mistake

■ has hecho una falta de ortografía you've made a spelling mistake

5 (defecto) fault, defect

6 (mala acción) misdeed

7 MEDICINA missed period

8 DERECHO misdemeanour (US misdemeanor)

9 DEPORTE (fútbol) foul; (tenis) fault

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a falta de... for want of..., for lack of...

coger a alguien en falta to catch somebody out

echar en falta to miss

hacer falta to be necessary

■ hizo falta un martillo we needed a hammer

no hace falta que... there is no need for...

pillar a alguien en falta to catch somebody out

poner falta a alguien to mark somebody absent

por falta de...→ link=a a falta de

sacar faltas a to find fault with

sacar una falta DEPORTE to take a free kick

sin falta without fail

tirar una falta DEPORTE to take a free kick

¡falta hacía! and about time too!

falta de educación bad manners plural

falta de pago nonpayment

* * *

noun f.

1) lack, want

2) fault, error

3) foul

* * *

SF

1) (=carencia)

a) [de recursos, información, control, acuerdo] lack

los candidatos demostraron en el examen su absoluta falta de preparación — in the exam the candidates revealed their total lack of preparation

es evidente su falta de voluntad negociadora — it is clear that they have no wish to negotiate

• falta de respeto — disrespect, lack of respect

la falta de respeto por las ideas de los demás — disrespect o lack of respect for other people's ideas

¡qué falta de respeto! — how rude!

b)

• a falta de — in the absence of, for want of

a falta de información fiable, nos limitamos a repetir los rumores — in the absence of reliable information, we can merely repeat the rumours, we can merely repeat the rumours, for want of reliable information

a falta de champán para celebrarlo, beberemos cerveza — as we don't have any champagne to celebrate with, we'll drink beer

• a falta de un término/sistema mejor — for want of a better term/system

• a falta de tres minutos para el final — three minutes from the end

a falta de 40kms para la meta el ciclista se retiró — the cyclist withdrew 40kms from the finish

- a falta de pan, buenas son tortas

c)

• por falta de — for lack of

se absolvió al acusado por falta de pruebas — the defendant was acquitted for lack of evidence

el rosal se murió por falta de luz — the rose died due to lack of light

d)

• echar algo/a algn en falta — to miss sth/sb

echo en falta a mis amigos — I miss my friends

durante el festival se echaron en falta a las grandes estrellas — the big names were missing from the festival
educación 3)
2)

• hacer falta, me hace mucha falta un coche — I really o badly * need a car

a este plato le hace falta sal — this dish needs more salt

lo que hace falta aquí es más disciplina — what's needed here is stricter discipline

aquí no haces falta — you're not needed here

no nos hace falta nada — we've got everything we need, we don't need anything else

es el hombre que hacía falta — he is the right man for the job

¡falta hacía! — and about time too!

si hace falta, voy — if necessary, I'll go, if need be, I'll go

• hacer falta hacer algo, para ser enfermero hace falta tener vocación — you have to be dedicated to be a nurse

no hace falta ser un experto para llegar a esa conclusión — you don't need to be an expert to reach that conclusion

ahora lo que te hace falta es recuperar las fuerzas — what you need now is to regain your strength

¡hace falta ser tonto para no darse cuenta! — you have to be pretty stupid not to realize!

• hacer falta que + subjun —

hace falta que el agua esté hirviendo — the water must be o needs to be boiling

si hace falta que os echemos una mano, llamadnos — if you need us to give you a hand, give us a call

no hace falta que se lo digas — there's no need for you to tell him

ni falta que hace iró —

-¿te han invitado al concierto? -no, ni falta que me hace — "haven't they invited you to the concert?" - "no, and I couldn't care less" *

3) (Escol) (=ausencia) absence

• poner falta a algn — to mark sb absent, put sb down as absent

falta de asistencia — absence

tiene cinco faltas de asistencia — he has been absent five times

4) (=infracción)

a) (Jur) offence, offense (EEUU)

• falta grave — serious offence, serious offense (EEUU), serious misconduct

• falta leve — minor offence, minor offense (EEUU), misdemeanour, misdemeanor (EEUU)

b) (Ftbl, Balonmano) foul; (Tenis) fault

ha sido falta — it was a foul o fault

va a sacar la falta — (Ftbl) he's going to take the free kick; (Balonmano) he's going to take the free throw

• cometer una falta contra algn — to foul sb

• lanzamiento de falta — (Ftbl) free kick

falta personal — personal foul

5) (=fallo) [de persona] shortcoming, fault; [de máquina, producto] flaw, fault

• sacar faltas a algn — to point out sb's shortcomings, find fault with sb

siempre le está sacando faltas a todo lo que hago — she's always picking holes in everything I do

• sin falta — without fail

mañana sin falta recibirá nuestro informe — you will get our report tomorrow without fail

falta de ortografía — spelling mistake

6) [por estar embarazada] missed period

* * *

femenino

1) (carencia, ausencia)

falta de algo — de interés/dinero lack of something

por falta de fondos — owing to a lack of funds

falta de personal — staff shortage

es por la falta de costumbre — it's because I'm/you're not used to it

no es por falta de ganas — it's not that I don't want to

siente mucho la falta de su hijo — she misses her son terribly

a falta de un nombre mejor — for want of a better name

a falta de más información — in the absence of more information

a falta de pan buenas son (las) tortas or (Méx) a falta de pan, tortillas — half a loaf is better than none

echar algo en falta: aquí se echa en falta más formalidad what's needed here is a more serious attitude; echó en falta sus alhajas — she realized her jewelry was missing

2) ( inasistencia) tb

falta de asistencia — absence

le pusieron falta — they marked her down as absent

tienes 30 faltas — you have been absent 30 times

3) ( de la menstruación) missed period

es mi segunda falta — I've missed two periods

4)

hacer falta: no hace falta que se queden there's no need for you to stay; hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!; si hace falta... if necessary...; no hizo falta cambiarlo I/we didn't need to change it; lo que hace falta es que nos escuchen what they really need to do is listen to us; lo que hace falta aquí es una computadora what's needed here is a computer; (+ me/te/le etc) le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest; estudia que buena falta te hace (fam) it's about time you did some studying; me haces mucha falta I really need you; ni falta que (me/te/le) hace — (fam) so what? (colloq)

5) (infracción, omisión) offense*

una falta grave — a serious misdemeanor*

fue una falta de respeto — it was very rude of you/him/her/them

agarrar or (esp Esp) coger a alguien en falta — to catch somebody out

lo traigo el jueves sin falta — I'll bring it on Thursday without fail

- falta de educación

- falta de ortografía

- falta de pago

6) ( defecto)

sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo — to find fault with something

7) (Dep)

a) (infracción - en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (- en tenis) fault

b) ( tiro libre - en fútbol) free kick; (- en balonmano) free throw

* * *

= anaemia [anemia, -USA], deprivation, failing, fault, inadequacy, infringement, scarcity, shortage, starvation, defect, misdeed, petty crime, gaping hole, foul.

Nota: Generalmente usado en el contexto deportivo.

Ex. His work is criticized for its triviality, quantity, linguistically impoverished style, anemia of characterization, and cliched, stereotyped ideas and plots.

Ex. Findings emphasised the escalating deprivation of applied social scientists in general and the local government and voluntary sectors in particular.

Ex. No supervisor should be a tiresome nag, but the achievements and failings of a persons's performance deserves mention in a constructive way at timely, regular intervals.

Ex. Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.

Ex. Inadequacies in the specific A/Z subject index entry made for a subject can also occur if the indexer bases his analysis solely on the class number for that subject.

Ex. Strictly speaking, the word piracy or infringement can be applied only to the flowing back of unauthorised reproductions to countries of origen = En su estricto sentido, la palabra piratería o infracción puede aplicarse solamente a la entrada de vuelta a los países de origen de reproducciones que se hayan hecho sin la debida autorización.

Ex. The relative scarcity of music automated authority and bibliographic records likewise increases costs.

Ex. Universities currently facing a shortage of space for books should consider sending a proportion of lesser used journals to the British Library now.

Ex. This approach let to the financial starvation of public libraries.

Ex. This book offers pithy and witty advice on how to write, defects in prose style, punctuation, and preparing a manuscript.

Ex. By preserving and ensuring access to the sordid history told in the tales of the tobacco industry documents, there is hope that as a nation we will not allow a repeat of the mistakes and misdeeds of the past.

Ex. Examples of ' petty crimes' are riding the train without a ticket, reproducing copyright computer programs, traffic violations, tax evasion, & shoplifting.

Ex. Questia contains thousands of books in the liberal arts, but gaping holes and many old titles diminish its value as a library collection.

Ex. Taking a dive is cheating, but it's up to the skill of referees to recognise a genuine foul from a 'dive'.

----

* adolecer de falta de = suffer from + lack of, lack.

* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.

* falta de = lack of.

* falta de acceso = unavailability.

* falta de actividad = inactivity, inaction.

* falta de actualidad = datedness.

* falta de adecuación = misfit.

* falta de agua = water shortage.

* falta de alineación = misalignment.

* falta de ambigüedad = unambiguity.

* falta de armonía = disharmony.

* falta de asistencia = lack of attendance, non-attendance.

* falta de atención = inattention, inattention.

* falta de autenticidad = inauthencity.

* falta de certeza = uncertainty.

* falta de civismo = lack of public spirit.

* falta de claridad = fuzziness, obscurity, murkiness, indistinctiveness, indistinctness.

* falta de coincidencia = mismatch.

* falta de comprensión = incomprehension, lack of understanding.

* falta de comunicación = poor communication.

* falta de conciencia = unconsciousness.

* falta de concienciación = unawareness.

* falta de confianza en = disbelief.

* falta de conocimiento = unfamiliarity.

* falta de control = dirty data.

* falta de convencionalismo = unconventionality.

* falta de cooperación = uncooperation.

* falta de coordinación = misalignment.

* falta de coraje = act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.

* falta de correspondencia = mismatch.

* falta de cuidado = sloppiness.

* falta de decoro = impropriety.

* falta de deseo = unwillingness.

* falta de deseo por la lectura = aliteracy.

* falta de dirección = indirection.

* falta de disciplina = indiscipline, disruptive behaviour.

* falta de disponibilidad = unavailability.

* falta de educación = impoliteness.

* falta de elasticidad = inelasticity.

* falta de entendimiento = lack of understanding.

* falta de esmero = sloppiness.

* falta de espacio = tightness of space.

* falta de especificidad = indeterminacy.

* falta de ética académica = academic dishonesty.

* falta de ética científica profesional = scientific misconduct.

* falta de ética profesional = misconduct, professional misconduct, unethical behaviour, unethical conduct, unprofessional conduct, unprofessional conduct, malpractice.

* falta de ética profesional de género = sexual misconduct.

* falta de ética profesional sexual = sexual misconduct.

* falta de fiabilidad = unreliability.

* falta de flexibilidad = inelasticity.

* falta de fondos = underfunding.

* falta de gravedad = weightlessness.

* falta de honradez = dishonesty.

* falta de idoneidad = unsuitability, inaptness.

* falta de importancia = worthlessness.

* falta de información = lack of information.

* falta de interés por cooperar = unresponsiveness.

* falta de linealidad = nonlinearity [no-linearity], nonlinearity [no-linearity].

* falta de mano de obra = labour shortage.

* falta de mérito = unworthiness.

* falta de misericordia = ruthlessness.

* falta de moderación = intemperance.

* falta de moralidad = amorality, immoral conduct.

* falta de notoriedad = low profile.

* falta de ortografía = misspelling [mis-spelling], spelling error.

* falta de oxigenación = oxygen starvation.

* falta de oxígeno = oxygen starvation.

* falta de personal = undermanning.

* falta de pertinencia = irrelevance.

* falta de peso = underweight.

* falta de piedad = ruthlessness.

* falta de precisión = fuzziness, looseness, looseness of fit.

* falta de predisposición = disinclination.

* falta de preparación = unpreparedness.

* falta de profesionalidad = amateurism, unprofessional conduct, professional misconduct.

* falta de pruebas = lack of evidence to the contrary.

* falta de puntualidad = unpunctuality.

* falta de renovación = non-renewal.

* falta de representación = under-representation [underrepresentation].

* falta de resolución = procrastination.

* falta de respeto = disrespect, irreverence, diss, diss.

* falta de rigidez = looseness, looseness of fit.

* falta de sensibilidad = insensitivity.

* falta de sentido = meaninglessness.

* falta de seriedad = flippancy.

* falta de sinceridad = insincerity.

* falta de tiempo = tightness of scheduling.

* falta de uniformidad = patchiness, unevenness.

* falta de unión = disunity.

* falta de valía = unworthiness.

* falta de valor = worthlessness, act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.

* falta de visión de futuro = shortsightedness, nearsightedness [near-sightedness], myopia.

* falta de voluntad = reluctance.

* falta leve = peccadillo [peccadilloes, -pl.], lesser sin.

* falta ortográfica = spelling mistake.

* faltas y defectos = faults and inadequacies, snags and pitfalls, snags and problems.

* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.

* no hace falta decir que = it goes without saying that, needless to say.

* por falta de = for want of, for lack of.

* que falta = missing.

* remediar la falta de = remedy + the lack of.

* sacar faltas = find + fault with.

* sacarle faltas a todo = nitpick.

* sin falta = without fail.

* subsanar una falta = remedy + fault.

* tarea falta de interés = chore.

* tener lo que hace falta = have + what it takes.

* ver faltas en = see + faults in.

* * *

femenino

1) (carencia, ausencia)

falta de algo — de interés/dinero lack of something

por falta de fondos — owing to a lack of funds

falta de personal — staff shortage

es por la falta de costumbre — it's because I'm/you're not used to it

no es por falta de ganas — it's not that I don't want to

siente mucho la falta de su hijo — she misses her son terribly

a falta de un nombre mejor — for want of a better name

a falta de más información — in the absence of more information

a falta de pan buenas son (las) tortas or (Méx) a falta de pan, tortillas — half a loaf is better than none

echar algo en falta: aquí se echa en falta más formalidad what's needed here is a more serious attitude; echó en falta sus alhajas — she realized her jewelry was missing

2) ( inasistencia) tb

falta de asistencia — absence

le pusieron falta — they marked her down as absent

tienes 30 faltas — you have been absent 30 times

3) ( de la menstruación) missed period

es mi segunda falta — I've missed two periods

4)

hacer falta: no hace falta que se queden there's no need for you to stay; hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!; si hace falta... if necessary...; no hizo falta cambiarlo I/we didn't need to change it; lo que hace falta es que nos escuchen what they really need to do is listen to us; lo que hace falta aquí es una computadora what's needed here is a computer; (+ me/te/le etc) le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest; estudia que buena falta te hace (fam) it's about time you did some studying; me haces mucha falta I really need you; ni falta que (me/te/le) hace — (fam) so what? (colloq)

5) (infracción, omisión) offense*

una falta grave — a serious misdemeanor*

fue una falta de respeto — it was very rude of you/him/her/them

agarrar or (esp Esp) coger a alguien en falta — to catch somebody out

lo traigo el jueves sin falta — I'll bring it on Thursday without fail

- falta de educación

- falta de ortografía

- falta de pago

6) ( defecto)

sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo — to find fault with something

7) (Dep)

a) (infracción - en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (- en tenis) fault

b) ( tiro libre - en fútbol) free kick; (- en balonmano) free throw

* * *

= anaemia [anemia, -USA], deprivation, failing, fault, inadequacy, infringement, scarcity, shortage, starvation, defect, misdeed, petty crime, gaping hole, foul.

Nota: Generalmente usado en el contexto deportivo.

Ex: His work is criticized for its triviality, quantity, linguistically impoverished style, anemia of characterization, and cliched, stereotyped ideas and plots.

Ex: Findings emphasised the escalating deprivation of applied social scientists in general and the local government and voluntary sectors in particular.

Ex: No supervisor should be a tiresome nag, but the achievements and failings of a persons's performance deserves mention in a constructive way at timely, regular intervals.

Ex: Documents and information can be lost forever by faults in inputting.

Ex: Inadequacies in the specific A/Z subject index entry made for a subject can also occur if the indexer bases his analysis solely on the class number for that subject.

Ex: Strictly speaking, the word piracy or infringement can be applied only to the flowing back of unauthorised reproductions to countries of origen = En su estricto sentido, la palabra piratería o infracción puede aplicarse solamente a la entrada de vuelta a los países de origen de reproducciones que se hayan hecho sin la debida autorización.

Ex: The relative scarcity of music automated authority and bibliographic records likewise increases costs.

Ex: Universities currently facing a shortage of space for books should consider sending a proportion of lesser used journals to the British Library now.

Ex: This approach let to the financial starvation of public libraries.

Ex: This book offers pithy and witty advice on how to write, defects in prose style, punctuation, and preparing a manuscript.

Ex: By preserving and ensuring access to the sordid history told in the tales of the tobacco industry documents, there is hope that as a nation we will not allow a repeat of the mistakes and misdeeds of the past.

Ex: Examples of ' petty crimes' are riding the train without a ticket, reproducing copyright computer programs, traffic violations, tax evasion, & shoplifting.

Ex: Questia contains thousands of books in the liberal arts, but gaping holes and many old titles diminish its value as a library collection.

Ex: Taking a dive is cheating, but it's up to the skill of referees to recognise a genuine foul from a 'dive'.

* adolecer de falta de = suffer from + lack of, lack.

* a falta de = for want of, in the absence of, in default of, for lack of, short of.

* echar muchísimo en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* echar mucho en falta = be sorely missed, be sadly missed.

* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.

* falta de = lack of.

* falta de acceso = unavailability.

* falta de actividad = inactivity, inaction.

* falta de actualidad = datedness.

* falta de adecuación = misfit.

* falta de agua = water shortage.

* falta de alineación = misalignment.

* falta de ambigüedad = unambiguity.

* falta de armonía = disharmony.

* falta de asistencia = lack of attendance, non-attendance.

* falta de atención = inattention, inattention.

* falta de autenticidad = inauthencity.

* falta de certeza = uncertainty.

* falta de civismo = lack of public spirit.

* falta de claridad = fuzziness, obscurity, murkiness, indistinctiveness, indistinctness.

* falta de coincidencia = mismatch.

* falta de comprensión = incomprehension, lack of understanding.

* falta de comunicación = poor communication.

* falta de conciencia = unconsciousness.

* falta de concienciación = unawareness.

* falta de confianza en = disbelief.

* falta de conocimiento = unfamiliarity.

* falta de control = dirty data.

* falta de convencionalismo = unconventionality.

* falta de cooperación = uncooperation.

* falta de coordinación = misalignment.

* falta de coraje = act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.

* falta de correspondencia = mismatch.

* falta de cuidado = sloppiness.

* falta de decoro = impropriety.

* falta de deseo = unwillingness.

* falta de deseo por la lectura = aliteracy.

* falta de dirección = indirection.

* falta de disciplina = indiscipline, disruptive behaviour.

* falta de disponibilidad = unavailability.

* falta de educación = impoliteness.

* falta de elasticidad = inelasticity.

* falta de entendimiento = lack of understanding.

* falta de esmero = sloppiness.

* falta de espacio = tightness of space.

* falta de especificidad = indeterminacy.

* falta de ética académica = academic dishonesty.

* falta de ética científica profesional = scientific misconduct.

* falta de ética profesional = misconduct, professional misconduct, unethical behaviour, unethical conduct, unprofessional conduct, unprofessional conduct, malpractice.

* falta de ética profesional de género = sexual misconduct.

* falta de ética profesional sexual = sexual misconduct.

* falta de fiabilidad = unreliability.

* falta de flexibilidad = inelasticity.

* falta de fondos = underfunding.

* falta de gravedad = weightlessness.

* falta de honradez = dishonesty.

* falta de idoneidad = unsuitability, inaptness.

* falta de importancia = worthlessness.

* falta de información = lack of information.

* falta de interés por cooperar = unresponsiveness.

* falta de linealidad = nonlinearity [no-linearity], nonlinearity [no-linearity].

* falta de mano de obra = labour shortage.

* falta de mérito = unworthiness.

* falta de misericordia = ruthlessness.

* falta de moderación = intemperance.

* falta de moralidad = amorality, immoral conduct.

* falta de notoriedad = low profile.

* falta de ortografía = misspelling [mis-spelling], spelling error.

* falta de oxigenación = oxygen starvation.

* falta de oxígeno = oxygen starvation.

* falta de personal = undermanning.

* falta de pertinencia = irrelevance.

* falta de peso = underweight.

* falta de piedad = ruthlessness.

* falta de precisión = fuzziness, looseness, looseness of fit.

* falta de predisposición = disinclination.

* falta de preparación = unpreparedness.

* falta de profesionalidad = amateurism, unprofessional conduct, professional misconduct.

* falta de pruebas = lack of evidence to the contrary.

* falta de puntualidad = unpunctuality.

* falta de renovación = non-renewal.

* falta de representación = under-representation [underrepresentation].

* falta de resolución = procrastination.

* falta de respeto = disrespect, irreverence, diss, diss.

* falta de rigidez = looseness, looseness of fit.

* falta de sensibilidad = insensitivity.

* falta de sentido = meaninglessness.

* falta de seriedad = flippancy.

* falta de sinceridad = insincerity.

* falta de tiempo = tightness of scheduling.

* falta de uniformidad = patchiness, unevenness.

* falta de unión = disunity.

* falta de valía = unworthiness.

* falta de valor = worthlessness, act of cowardice, lack of courage, lack of backbone.

* falta de visión de futuro = shortsightedness, nearsightedness [near-sightedness], myopia.

* falta de voluntad = reluctance.

* falta leve = peccadillo [peccadilloes, -pl.], lesser sin.

* falta ortográfica = spelling mistake.

* faltas y defectos = faults and inadequacies, snags and pitfalls, snags and problems.

* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.

* no hace falta decir que = it goes without saying that, needless to say.

* por falta de = for want of, for lack of.

* que falta = missing.

* remediar la falta de = remedy + the lack of.

* sacar faltas = find + fault with.

* sacarle faltas a todo = nitpick.

* sin falta = without fail.

* subsanar una falta = remedy + fault.

* tarea falta de interés = chore.

* tener lo que hace falta = have + what it takes.

* ver faltas en = see + faults in.

* * *

falta

feminine

A (carencia, ausencia) falta DE algo lack OF sth

por falta de fondos owing to a lack of funds

no se pudo terminar por falta de tiempo we could not finish it because we ran out of time o we did not have enough time o owing to lack of time

falta de personal staff shortage

es por la falta de costumbre it's because I'm/you're not used to it

¿por qué no vienes? — no es por falta de ganas why don't you come? — it's not that I don't want to

siente mucho la falta de su hijo she misses her son terribly

a falta de un nombre mejor for want of a better name

a falta de información más detallada in the absence of more detailed information

a falta de pan buenas son (las) tortas or ( Méx) a falta de pan, tortillas half a loaf is better than none

echar algo en falta: aquí lo que se echa en falta es un poco de formalidad what's needed around here is a more serious attitude

echó en falta algunas de sus alhajas she realized some of her jewelry was missing

se echará mucho en falta su aporte her contribution will be greatly missed

B (inasistencia) absence

le pusieron falta they marked her down as absent

tienes más de 30 faltas you have been absent over 30 times

sin falta without fail

C (de la menstruación) missed period

es la segunda falta I've missed two periods

D

hacer falta: hace falta mucha paciencia para tratar con él you need a lot of patience to deal with him

no hace falta que se queden los dos there's no need for both of you to stay

¡hace falta ser tonto para creerse eso! you have to be stupid to believe that!

le hace falta descansar he needs to rest

a ver si te cortas el pelo, que buena falta te hace ( fam); it's high time o it's about time you got your hair cut ( colloq)

me haces mucha falta (te necesito) I need you very much; (te echo de menos) ( AmL) I miss you terribly, I miss you very much

ni falta que (me/te/le) hace ( fam); so what? ( colloq), who cares? ( colloq)

nos hace tanta falta como los perros en misa ( fam); that's all we need, we need it like we need a hole in the head ( colloq)

E (infracción, omisión) offense*

incurrir en una falta grave to commit a serious misdemeanor*

fue una falta de respeto contestarle así it was very rude o disrespectful of you to answer him like that

agarrar or coger a algn en falta to catch sb out

Compuestos:

● falta de educación

es una falta de educación poner los codos sobre la mesa it's bad manners to put your elbows on the table

● falta de lesiones

( Der) (minor) bodily harm

acusar a algn de falta de lesiones to accuse sb of causing bodily harm

● falta de ortografía

spelling mistake

● falta de pago

nonpayment

F ( Dep)

1 (infracción — en fútbol, baloncesto) foul; (— en tenis) fault

el árbitro pitó falta the referee gave o awarded a foul

2 (tiro libre — en fútbol) free kick; (— en balonmano) free throw

* * *

Del verbo faltar: ( conjugate faltar)

falta es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
falta
faltar
falta sustantivo femenino
1 (carencia, ausencia) falta de algo ‹de interés/dinero› lack of sth;
◊ falta de personal staff shortage;

es la falta de costumbre it's because I'm/you're not used to it;
fue una falta de respeto it was very rude of you/him/her/them;
eso es una falta de educación that's bad manners;
a falta de más información in the absence of more information
2 ( inasistencia) tb
◊ falta de asistencia absence;

le pusieron falta they marked her down as absent
3
a)

◊ hacer falta: no hace falta que se queden there's no need for you to stay;

si hace falta … if necessary …;
hacen falta dos vasos más we need two more glasses;
le hace falta descansar he/she needs to rest
b)

◊ sin falta without fail

4 ( defecto) fault;
◊ a pesar de todas sus faltas in spite of all his faults;

sacarle or encontrarle faltas a algo to find fault with sth;
falta de ortografía spelling mistake
5 (Dep)
a) ( infracción — en fútbol, baloncesto) foul;

(— en tenis) fault
b) ( tiro libre — en fútbol) free kick;

(— en balonmano) free throw
faltar ( conjugate faltar) verbo intransitivo
1
a) ( no estar) to be missing;

◊ ¿quién falta? who's missing?;

(en colegio, reunión) who's absent?;
◊ te falta un botón you have a button missing;

a esta taza le falta el asa there's no handle on this cup
b) ( no haber suficiente):

◊ va a falta vino there won't be enough wine;

nos faltó tiempo we didn't have enough time
c) ( hacer falta):

◊ le falta alguien que la aconseje she needs someone to advise her;

les falta cariño they need affection
2 ( quedar):
◊ yo estoy lista ¿a ti te falta mucho? I'm ready, will you be long?;

nos falta poco para terminar we're almost finished;
me faltan tres páginas para terminar el libro I have three pages to go to finish the book;
solo me falta pasarlo a máquina all I have to do is type it out;
falta poco para Navidad it's not long until Christmas;
faltan cinco minutos para que empiece there are five minutes to go before it starts;
¡no faltaba más! ( respuesta — a un agradecimiento) don't mention it!;

(— a una petición) of course, certainly;
(— a un ofrecimiento) I wouldn't hear of it!
3
a) ( no asistir):

◊ te esperamos, no faltes we're expecting you, make sure you come;

falta a algo ‹ al colegio› to be absent from sth;

‹ a una cita› to miss sth;
◊ falta a clase to skip lessons;

ha faltado dos veces al trabajo she's been off work twice
b) ( no cumplir):

◊ faltó a su promesa he didn't keep his promise;

¡no me faltes al respeto! don't be rude to me
falta sustantivo femenino
1 lack: se perdió la cosecha por falta de lluvia, the harvest was lost through lack of rain
2 (ausencia) absence: no notaron su falta, they didn't miss him
3 (imperfección) fault, defect: tiene faltas de ortografía, he made some spelling mistakes
4 Jur misdemeanour
5 Dep Ftb foul
Ten fault
♦ Locuciones: echar algo/a alguien en falta, to miss sthg/sb
hacer falta, to be necessary: (nos) hace falta un reloj, we need a watch
no hace falta que lo veas, there is no need for you to see it
sin falta, without fail
faltar verbo intransitivo
1 (estar ausente) to be missing: falta el jefe, the boss is missing
2 (no tener) to be lacking: le falta personalidad, he lacks personality
3 (restar) to be left: aún falta para la Navidad, it's a long time until Christmas
faltó poco para que ganaran, they very nearly won
no falta nada por hacer, there's nothing more to be done
sólo me falta el último capítulo por leer, I've only got the last chapter to read
4 (no acudir) tu hermano faltó a la cita, your brother didn't turn up/come
5 (incumplir) eso es faltar a la verdad, that is not telling the truth
faltar uno a su palabra, to break one's word
6 (insultar) faltar a alguien, to be rude to someone: ¡sin faltar!, don't be rude!
(ofender) no era mi intención faltarte al respeto, I didn't mean to be rude to you
♦ Locuciones: ¡lo que faltaba!, that's all it needed!
¡no faltaba más!, (but) of course!
' falta' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acrecentar
- adolecer
- ante
- apagada
- apagado
- apercibirse
- apuro
- área
- atonía
- bajeza
- bastarse
- cachondeo
- calor
- carencia
- cometer
- deberse
- debilidad
- delicadeza
- desenfreno
- desgana
- desprecio
- desvergüenza
- dimanar
- distracción
- echar
- educación
- enervar
- enjuagar
- error
- estrechez
- evidenciar
- faltar
- flojedad
- hígado
- incorrección
- informalidad
- injusticia
- inquietud
- inseguridad
- insignificancia
- lastre
- ligereza
- linier
- naturalidad
- ñoñería
- ñoñez
- orden
- osadía
- oscuridad
- pecado
English:
absence
- amiss
- antibiotic
- application
- badly
- carry on
- catch out
- close down
- coordination
- dark
- deficiency
- deprivation
- difference
- diffidence
- disagreement
- disrespect
- fail
- failing
- failure
- fall through
- fault
- folding
- foul
- half-heartedness
- hate
- if
- impurity
- infringement
- joblessness
- lack
- liability
- marble
- microphone
- miss
- missing
- mistake
- muscle
- nearly
- necessary
- need
- news
- numb
- off
- out of
- persuasion
- practice
- practise
- remain
- remorselessness
- self-doubt

* * *

falta nf

1. [ausencia] absence;
[carencia] lack; [escasez] shortage;
nadie notó su falta nobody noticed his/its absence;

estos animales tienen falta de cariño these animals suffer from a lack of affection;

en estos momentos hay falta de trabajo there's a shortage of work at the moment;

la falta de agua impide el desarrollo de la región water is in short supply in the region, something which is holding back its development;

estoy cometiendo muchos errores, es la falta de costumbre I'm making a lot of mistakes, I'm out of practice;

fue absuelto por falta de pruebas he was acquitted for lack of evidence;

ha sido una falta de delicadeza decirle eso it was tactless of you to say that to him;

es una falta de educación it's bad manners;

es una falta de respeto it shows a lack of respect;

¡qué o [m5] vaya falta de seriedad! it's disgraceful!;

a falta de in the absence of;

a falta de un sitio mejor, podríamos ir a la playa in the absence of anywhere better, we could always go to the beach;

echar en falta algo/a alguien [notar la ausencia de] to notice that sth/sb is missing;
[echar de menos] to miss sth/sb;
no fuimos de vacaciones por falta de dinero we didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough money;

si no voy contigo no es por falta de ganas if I don't go with you, it isn't because I don't want to;

sin falta without fail;

hemos de entregar este proyecto el lunes sin falta this project has to be handed in on Monday without fail;

Comp

a falta de pan, buenas son tortas: no es lo ideal, pero a falta de pan, buenas son tortas it's not ideal, but it will have to do for want of anything better

2.
hacer falta [ser necesario] to be necessary;

me hace falta suerte I need some luck;

me haces mucha falta I really need you;

si hiciera falta, llámanos if necessary, call us;

¡hace falta ser caradura!, ¡volver a pedirme dinero! what a nerve, asking me for money again!;

espero que lo traten con disciplina, que buena falta le hace I hope they are strict with him, he certainly needs it o it's high time someone was;

no va a venir, ni falta que hace she isn't coming, not that anyone cares

3. [no asistencia] absence;

me han puesto dos faltas este mes I was marked absent twice this month

Comp
falta de asistencia absence
4. [imperfección] fault;
[defecto de fábrica] defect, flaw;
sacarle faltas a algo/alguien to find fault with sth/sb

5. [infracción] misdemeanour, offence;
[incumplimiento] breach; [error] mistake;
una falta contra la disciplina a breach of discipline;

falta grave/leve serious/minor misdemeanour o offence;

he tenido tres faltas en el dictado I made three mistakes in my dictation

Comp
falta de ortografía spelling mistake; Com falta de pago non-payment
6. Dep [infracción] foul;
[en tenis] fault;
cometer o [m5] hacer una falta to commit a foul;

cometer o [m5] hacer una falta a alguien to foul sb;

señalar una falta to give o award a free kick

Comp
falta antideportiva [en baloncesto] unsportsmanlike foul;
falta libre directa direct free kick offence;

falta libre indirecta indirect free kick offence;

falta personal [en baloncesto] personal foul;

falta de pie [en tenis] foot fault;

falta de saque [en tenis] service fault;

falta técnica [en baloncesto] technical foul

7. Dep [tiro libre] free kick;

marcar de falta to score from a free kick;

lanzar o [m5] sacar una falta to take a free kick

Comp
falta libre directa direct free kick;
falta libre indirecta indirect free kick

8. [en la menstruación] missed period;

ha tenido ya dos faltas she has missed two periods

* * *

falta

f

1 ( escasez) lack, want;

falta de lack of, shortage of;

a o

por falta de due to o for lack of;

por falta de tiempo due to o for o

through lack of time;

por falta de capital for lack of capital

2 ( error) mistake;

sin faltas perfect

3 ( ausencia) absence;

echar en falta a alguien miss s.o.

4 en tenis fault; en fútbol, baloncesto foul;

hacer una falta en fútbol commit a foul, foul;

hacerle falta a alguien foul s.o.;

doble falta en tenis double fault;

cometer doble falta double-fault

5 DEP ( tiro libre) free kick;

lanzar una falta take a free kick;

marcar de falta score from a free kick;

pitar falta blow one’s whistle for a free kick

6

:

hacer falta be necessary;

buena falta le hace it’s about time;

no me hace falta I don’t need it;

ni falta que hace he/it won’t be missed, he’s/it’s no great loss

7

:

sin falta without fail

* * *

falta nf

1) carencia: lack

hacer falta: to be lacking, to be needed

2) defecto: defect, fault, error

3) : offense, misdemeanor

4) : foul (in basketball), fault (in tennis)

* * *

falta n

1. (carencia, escasez) lack / shortage

hubo falta de alimentos there was a shortage of food

2. (ausencia) absence

la profesora le puso una falta the teacher marked him down as absent

3. (error) mistake

una falta de ortografía a spelling mistake

4. (acción censurable) offence

fue una falta de respeto it was very rude of you

5. (en fútbol, baloncesto) foul

cometió una falta he committed a foul

6. (en tenis) fault

echar en falta to miss

echaba en falta a su familia he missed his family

eché en falta varios libros I realized some of my books were missing

hacer falta to need

no hace falta que vengas you don't need to come / there's no need for you to come

te hace falta un bolígrafo rojo you need a red pen

sin falta without fail

Spanish-English dictionary > falta
11 диалог

dialogue

активизировать / начать диалог — to get a dialogue under way

вести диалог — to be engaged in / to carry on / to conduct a dialogue

возобновить диалог — to revive a dialogue

продолжить диалог между Востоком и Западом — to continue the East-West dialogue / the dialogue between East and West

активный диалог — active dialogue

конструктивный диалог — constructive dialogue

налаживание конструктивного диалога — build-up of constructive dialogue

"национальный диалог" (общение кандидата на пост президента США с народом) — national dialogue

политический диалог — political dialogue

возобновление политического диалога между двумя странами — renewal / resumption of political dialogue between two countries

расширение политического диалога — expanding political dialogue

равноправный диалог — equal dialogue

результативный диалог — productive dialogue

диалог по гуманитарным проблемам — dialogue on humanitarian problems

развитие диалога — development of a dialogue

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > диалог
12 программа программ·а

programme, scheme; program амер.

выполнять программу — to fulfil a programme

оживить программу реформ — to revive the reform programme

осуществлять программу — to implement a programme

отменить программу — to annul / to scrap a programme

принимать программу — to adopt a programme

развернуть программу — to launch a programme

разрабатывать / составлять программу — to draw up a programme, to programme

согласовать программы — to coordinate programmes

срывать программу — to bog down a programme

урезать программу — to trim a programme

энергично проводить программу в жизнь — to press ahead with a programme

аграрная программа — agrarian programme

аэрокосмические программы — aerospace programmes

беспрецедентная программа — unprecedented programme

внутриполитическая программа — home-policy programme

военная программа — military programme

сбалансировать военные программы — to trim military programmes

военно-космическая программа — military-space programme

всемирная информационная программа — world information programme

всеобъемлющая программа — all-embracing / comprehensive programme

всеобъемлющая программа разоружения — comprehensive programme of disarmament

долгосрочная программа — long-range / long-term programme

совместные долгосрочные программы — joint long-term programmes

долгосрочные целевые программы — long-term purpose-oriented programmes

долгосрочная программа сотрудничества — long-term cooperation programme

законная программа — legitimate programme

комплексная программа (развития, сотрудничества и т.п.) — comprehensive programme

конструктивная программа — constructive programme

масштабная программа — large-scale programme

межправительственная программа — intergovernmental programme

Мировая продовольственная программа, МПП — World Food Programme, WFP

национальная программа экономического развития — national economic plan

новаторская программа — innovative programme

правительственная программа помощи — government aid programme

перегруженная программа — heavy schedule

политическая программа — political programme

предвыборная программа — electoral programme

радиовещательная программа — (radio)broadcasting programme

расширенная программа — broadened / comprehensive / expanded programme

сборная программа — miscellaneous programme

специальная программа — ad hoc programme

ускоренная программа — crash programme

факультативная программа — optional programme

целевая государственная программа — purpose-oriented state programme

широкая программа — broad programme

экспериментальная программа, программа выпуска опытной продукции — pilot programme

выполнение программы — programming

временно приостановить выполнение программы — to suspend a programme

политизация программы — politicizing of a programme

программа безвозмездных / даровых поставок — give-away programme

программа военного производства — military programme

программа восстановления — reconstruction programme

программа всеобщего и полного разоружения — programme of general and complete disarmament

программа действий — programme of action

принять программу действий — to embrace a course of action

"П. демократии и открытой дипломатии" (США) — "Program of Democracy and Public Diplomacy"

программа, заслуживающая одобрения — laudable programme

Программа звёздных войн — Star Wars programme

программа, имеющая большое значение — meaningful programme

программа исследования космического пространства — space exploration programme

программа капиталовложений — capital spending plan

программа консерваторов (Великобритания) — Tory ticket

программа лейбористов (Великобритания) — Labour ticket

программа маркетинга / организации сбыта продукции эк. — marketing programme

программа мероприятий (особ. детальная) — scenario

программа мира — peace programme, programme for peace

программа образования — scheme of education

программа ознакомления — orientation programme

программа партии — party programme

Программа ООН по окружающей среде, ЮНЕП — United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP

программа по сокращению расходов на закупки военной техники и имущества — procurement-and-logistics cost reduction program амер.

программа производства вооружений и предметов военно-технического снабжения — munitions programme

программа поэтапной ликвидации ядерного оружия — programme for the step-by-step elimination of nuclear weapons

программа работы — order of business, programme of work

программа развития научно-технического сотрудничества — programme for the development of scientific and technical cooperation

Программа развития ООН, ПРООН — United Nations Development Programme, UNDP

программа развития экономического сотрудничества — programme for the development of economic cooperation

программа содействия (развитию) — promotion programme

программа создания безъядерного мира — programme for the non-nuclear world

программа социальных мероприятий — social programme

программа социальных реформ — programme of social reforms

Программа стратегической оборонной инициативы, СОИ амер. — Strategic Defence Initiative Programme, SDIP

программа, требующая строгой экономии — austerity programme

программа челночных космических полётов — space shuttle project

программа экономической помощи — economic-assistance programme

программа ядерного разоружения — programme for nuclear disarmament

реальная программа сотрудничества — practicable programme of cooperation

составление программы — programming

срок действия программы — programming period

в развитие программы — in follow-up of the programme

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > программа программ·а
13 Baufälligkeit

Baufälligkeit f GRUND dilapidation
* * *

f < Grund> dilapidation

* * *
Baufälligkeit
decay, disrepair, dilapidation, ruinous state;
• Baufehler structural defect;
• Baufeld pitch;
• Baufinanzierung constructional financing;
• Baufinanzierung aus einer Hand single-source building financing;
• Baufirma building constructor, building (construction) company;
• Baufluchtlinie straight (building) line, row;
• Baufluchtlinie abstecken to plot a line;
• Baufluchtlinie überschreiten to project beyond the building line;
• Bauform constructive form;
• Baufortgangsbescheinigung architect’s certificate;
• Bauführer assistant architect, site supervisor (US);
• Bauführung site supervision (US);
• Baugarantieversicherung contractor's guarantee insurance;
• freies Baugebiet unrestricted (architectural-free) zone;
• saniertes Baugebiet upgraded (development) area;
• Baugebiet mit Sondergenehmigungen spot zone;
• Baugebühren surveyor’s fee[s];
• Baugelände building site (plot), site [land], construction site (yard);
• nicht erschlossenes Baugelände undeveloped (Br.) (unimproved, US) land;
• Baugeld building capital, (Kredit) building loan (advance);
• Baugeldhypothek development (construction) mortgage;
• Baugenehmigung housing permit, building permit (US) (licence, US), planning permission (Br.);
• um Baugenehmigung nachsuchen to submit a plan to the city council;
• Baugenossenschaft cooperative (terminating) building society (Br.), building and loan association (US);
• Baugerüst scaffold[ing], stagging;
• Baugeschäft building contractors;
• Baugesuch einreichen to ask for a building permit (US);
• Baugewerbe building line (trade), construction (building) industry;
• Baugrube excavation;
• Baugrund (Bauplatz) building lot (site, ground), site land;
• abgesteckter Baugrund consolidated plot;
• Baugrundstück plot of land, building plot (lot, US, estate, site), piece of ground, groundplot;
• durchgehendes Baugrundstück through lot (US);
• Bauhaftpflichtversicherung builder’s risk insurance;
• Bauhandwerk building trade;
• Bauhandwerker building operative (tradesman);
• Bauherr builder-owner;
• Bauherrengemeinschaft builder’s consortium;
• Bauholz timber (Br.), lumber (US);
• Bauhypothek construction mortgage;
• Bauindex construction cost index;
• Bauindustrie building trade, building (construction) industry;
• mit der Bauindustrie den Anfang machen to zero in on the construction industry;
• Bauingenieur construction (architectural, structural) engineer, (Tiefbau) civil engineer;
• Bauinspektor district surveyor;
• Bauinvestitionen expenditure on building;
• Bauinvestitionen der öffentlichen Hand public investment in building;
• Baujahr year of construction (manufacture);
• Baujahr 2002 2002 model;
• Baukapital building capital;
• Baukastensystem unit construction system, modular design;
• Baukomplex complex of buildings, building complex;
• Baukonjunktur building boom;
• rückläufige Baukonjunktur building slump;
• Baukonto construction account;
• Baukonzession building permit (US).

Business german-english dictionary > Baufälligkeit
14 Memory

   1) A Unitary Search Process for All the Phenomena of Memory

   To what extent can we lump together what goes on when you try to recall: (1) your name; (2) how you kick a football; and (3) the present location of your car keys? If we use introspective evidence as a guide, the first seems an immediate automatic response. The second may require constructive internal replay prior to our being able to produce a verbal description. The third... quite likely involves complex operational responses under the control of some general strategy system. Is any unitary search process, with a single set of characteristics and inputoutput relations, likely to cover all these cases? (Reitman, 1970, p. 485)

   2) Semantic Memory Is a Mental Thesaurus

   [Semantic memory] Is a mental thesaurus, organized knowledge a person possesses about words and other verbal symbols, their meanings and referents, about relations among them, and about rules, formulas, and algorithms for the manipulation of these symbols, concepts, and relations. Semantic memory does not register perceptible properties of inputs, but rather cognitive referents of input signals. (Tulving, 1972, p. 386)

   3) The Development of Mnemonic Codes

   The mnemonic code, far from being fixed and unchangeable, is structured and restructured along with general development. Such a restructuring of the code takes place in close dependence on the schemes of intelligence. The clearest indication of this is the observation of different types of memory organisation in accordance with the age level of a child so that a longer interval of retention without any new presentation, far from causing a deterioration of memory, may actually improve it. (Piaget & Inhelder, 1973, p. 36)

   4) The Logic of Some Memory Theorization Is of Dubious Worth in the History of Psychology

   If a cue was effective in memory retrieval, then one could infer it was encoded; if a cue was not effective, then it was not encoded. The logic of this theorization is "heads I win, tails you lose" and is of dubious worth in the history of psychology. We might ask how long scientists will puzzle over questions with no answers. (Solso, 1974, p. 28)

   5) The Constituent Elements of Memory Theory

   We have iconic, echoic, active, working, acoustic, articulatory, primary, secondary, episodic, semantic, short-term, intermediate-term, and longterm memories, and these memories contain tags, traces, images, attributes, markers, concepts, cognitive maps, natural-language mediators, kernel sentences, relational rules, nodes, associations, propositions, higher-order memory units, and features. (Eysenck, 1977, p. 4)

   6) The Problem with the Memory Metaphor

   The problem with the memory metaphor is that storage and retrieval of traces only deals [ sic] with old, previously articulated information. Memory traces can perhaps provide a basis for dealing with the "sameness" of the present experience with previous experiences, but the memory metaphor has no mechanisms for dealing with novel information. (Bransford, McCarrell, Franks & Nitsch, 1977, p. 434)

   7) The Results of a Hundred Years of the Psychological Study of Memory Are Somewhat Discouraging

   The results of a hundred years of the psychological study of memory are somewhat discouraging. We have established firm empirical generalisations, but most of them are so obvious that every ten-year-old knows them anyway. We have made discoveries, but they are only marginally about memory; in many cases we don't know what to do with them, and wear them out with endless experimental variations. We have an intellectually impressive group of theories, but history offers little confidence that they will provide any meaningful insight into natural behavior. (Neisser, 1978, pp. 12-13)

   8) The Structure and Function of a Schema in Memory

   A schema, then is a data structure for representing the generic concepts stored in memory. There are schemata representing our knowledge about all concepts; those underlying objects, situations, events, sequences of events, actions and sequences of actions. A schema contains, as part of its specification, the network of interrelations that is believed to normally hold among the constituents of the concept in question. A schema theory embodies a prototype theory of meaning. That is, inasmuch as a schema underlying a concept stored in memory corresponds to the mean ing of that concept, meanings are encoded in terms of the typical or normal situations or events that instantiate that concept. (Rumelhart, 1980, p. 34)

   9) Competence and Performance in Theories of Memory

   Memory appears to be constrained by a structure, a "syntax," perhaps at quite a low level, but it is free to be variable, deviant, even erratic at a higher level....

   Like the information system of language, memory can be explained in part by the abstract rules which underlie it, but only in part. The rules provide a basic competence, but they do not fully determine performance. (Campbell, 1982, pp. 228, 229)

    10) Metaphors of Memory

   When people think about the mind, they often liken it to a physical space, with memories and ideas as objects contained within that space. Thus, we speak of ideas being in the dark corners or dim recesses of our minds, and of holding ideas in mind. Ideas may be in the front or back of our minds, or they may be difficult to grasp. With respect to the processes involved in memory, we talk about storing memories, of searching or looking for lost memories, and sometimes of finding them. An examination of common parlance, therefore, suggests that there is general adherence to what might be called the spatial metaphor. The basic assumptions of this metaphor are that memories are treated as objects stored in specific locations within the mind, and the retrieval process involves a search through the mind in order to find specific memories....

   However, while the spatial metaphor has shown extraordinary longevity, there have been some interesting changes over time in the precise form of analogy used. In particular, technological advances have inﬂuenced theoretical conceptualisations.... The original Greek analogies were based on wax tablets and aviaries; these were superseded by analogies involving switchboards, gramophones, tape recorders, libraries, conveyor belts, and underground maps. Most recently, the workings of human memory have been compared to computer functioning... and it has been suggested that the various memory stores found in computers have their counterparts in the human memory system. (Eysenck, 1984, pp. 79-80)

    11) Comparison of Primary Memory and Secondary Memory

   Primary memory [as proposed by William James] relates to information that remains in consciousness after it has been perceived, and thus forms part of the psychological present, whereas secondary memory contains information about events that have left consciousness, and are therefore part of the psychological past. (Eysenck, 1984, p. 86)

    12) Semantic Memory and Episodic Memory

   Once psychologists began to study long-term memory per se, they realized it may be divided into two main categories.... Semantic memories have to do with our general knowledge about the working of the world. We know what cars do, what stoves do, what the laws of gravity are, and so on. Episodic memories are largely events that took place at a time and place in our personal history. Remembering specific events about our own actions, about our family, and about our individual past falls into this category. With amnesia or in aging, what dims... is our personal episodic memories, save for those that are especially dear or painful to us. Our knowledge of how the world works remains pretty much intact. (Gazzaniga, 1988, p. 42)

    13) The Relation of Memory to Thinking

   The nature of memory... provides a natural starting point for an analysis of thinking. Memory is the repository of many of the beliefs and representations that enter into thinking, and the retrievability of these representations can limit the quality of our thought. (Smith, 1990, p. 1)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Memory
15 constructief

adj. constructive, helpful, useful, promoting development

Holandés-inglés dicionario > constructief
16 СИНТАКСИС

1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:

В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.

***

В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.

***

Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.

***

Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:

В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…

В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.

В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.

@ в результате

Можно опускать, трансформируя косвенный падеж в подлежащее (см. СИНТАКСИС)

В результате войны погибло много людей. – The war killed/claimed the lives of a lot of people.

В результате забастовки заводы были закрыты. – The strike closed down the factories.
@ в печати
Переводится посредством трансформации (косвенный падеж -> подлежащее) + (пассив -> актив) см. СИНТАКСИС

6 июля в афганской печати был опубликован закон о политических партиях. – On July 6 the Afghan press published the law on political parties.
В международной прессе сообщалось… - The international press reported… @
б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»

На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…

На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.

в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»

Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.

г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:

О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.

О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.

д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:

i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).

Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.

ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:

Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
*** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.

Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.

По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended

***
Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.

Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.

з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»

От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.

От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
*** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий

а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something

Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:

Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
*** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
в) Возможно опустить причастие:

Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.

г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:

Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.

3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:

there is

Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:

Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
4. Перевод безличных предложений.

It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего

Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.

Толкали его. – He was pushed.
Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.

Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:

Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.

7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.

Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.

Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.

Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.

Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
***

Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

Словарь переводчика-синхрониста (русско-английский) > СИНТАКСИС
17 СИНТАКСИС

1. Общее правило для переводчика: русское существительное, стоящее в начале предложения в косвенном падеже, следует преобразовывать в подлежащее английского предложения, вне зависимости от его исходной синтаксической роли.
Это наиболее надежный способ построить грамматически правильное и удобопонятное предложение на АЯ.
a) Конструкция «в + Пр.п» в начале предложения:

В выступлении президента было подчеркнуто, что никакие ссылки на терроризм не дают американской администрации права выступать в роли международного судьи. – The president’s statement emphasized that no reference to/invoking of terrorism can/give the American Administration the right to act as/ take the role of an international judge.

***

В работе пресс-конференции принимали участие рабочие всех отраслей. – The work of the conference involved/included (замена глагола для достижения естественности звучания английского предложения) workers from all industries/fields/areas.

***

Во французской ноте выражался решительный протест против этих действий. – The French note strongly/vigorously protested/contained a strong protest against such actions.

***

Конструкция «в + Пр.п места» часто используется для ссылок на документ:

В принятой вчера резолюции… - The resolution adopted/passed yesterday…

В этом докладе много материалов на данную тему. – This report contains a lot of materials on this subject.

В этих листках зло писали о порядках на фабрике. – These leaflets harshly criticized the system at the factory.

- в результате
- в печати
б) Конструкция «на + Пр.п.»

На встрече договорились… - The meeting reached an agreement…

На рисунке хорошо видны детали. – The picture gives a good view of these details.

в) Конструкция «о + Пр.п»

Об этом говорилось уже много раз. – This has been discussed/referred to/addressed/spoken about/spoken to/raised/dealt with many times.

г) Преобразование косвенного падежа в подлежащее с заменой активного глагола на пассивный:

О конструктивной роли, которую могли бы сыграть средства массовой информации, следует помнить. – The constructive role which the media could play should be recalled.

О причинах нынешней напряженности мы уже имели возможность сказать на заседаниях этого комитета. – The reasons for the present tension have already been addressed/are a subject we have already addressed at meetings of this committee.

д) Перевод предложений, начинающихся со слов в Вин.п.:

i)используется глагол to be (глагол «широкой семантики» - «бытийный глагол»).

Крайне опасный характер приобретает теперь терроризм. Extremely dangerous now is terrorism/Of particular danger now is terrorism.

ii) используются слова that, what или something вместе с «бытийным глаголом»:

Бесспорными являются тяжелые последствия усилий ЮАР в этой области для безопасности соседних государств. – What is unquestionable/Something which is unquestionable is the serious consequences of South Africa’s steps in this area for the security of neighboring states.
*** Вполне обоснованным представляется вывод, сделанный Генеральным Секретарем в его недавнем докладе о положении на Ближнем Востоке, о том, что… - What is fully justified is…/Something that would seem fully justified is the conclusion drawn by the Secretary General in his recent report that…
е) Перевод дополнений в Дат.п.

Этой тактике «превентивных» ударов должен быть положен конец. – This policy of preventive strikes must be stopped/halted.

По адресу правления совета высказывалось одобрение. – The board of the council was commended

***
Ему было холодно. – He was cold. Ей хотелось спать. – She felt sleepy.
ж) Перевод местоимений в Вин.п.

Их беспокоит, что он все еще не приехал. – They are worried that he hasn’t yet arrived.

з) Конструкции «от + Род.п.»

От пожара уцелело всего несколько домов. – The fire spared ( замена глагола) only a few houses.

От понимания того, что является причиной сползания человечества к ядерной бездне, зависит и ответ на вопрос, можно ли остановить этот страшный процесс. – Understanding the reason for the mankind’s drift towards the nuclear abyss/nuclear disaster determines ( замена глагола) the answer to the question (as to) whether it is possible to stop this frightening/horrendous/fatal process.
*** От того, сумеет ли мир избежать ядерной катастрофы, зависит решение всех насущных проблем и само существование человеческой цивилизации. – The world’s ability to nuclear catastrophe is decisive/is critical for the resolution of all other urgent/critical problems and for the very survival of civilization. Или Whether of not the world can avoid nuclear catastrophe – this will determine/this is what will determine the resolution…
2. Перевод оборотов, начинающихся с причастий

а) Начинать с причастия – напрашиваться на неприятности! Перевод можно начинать со слов that, what или something

Выдвинутая в заявлении Президента от 15 февраля программа освобождения человечества кс 2000 году от ядерного и иного оружия массового уничтожения рассматривает выделение средств на цели социального и экономического развития в качестве важнейшей сопутствующей меры соглашений по ограничению вооружений и разоружению. –
That/something which was proposed in the president’s statement of February 15, namely/I mean/that is the program for freeing/delivering mankind by the year 2000 from nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction provides for the allocation of resources for social and economic development as a most important collateral/additional/accompanying measure for arms limitation and disarmament agreements.
б) Если вероятностное прогнозирование или здравый смысл подсказывают дальнейшее развитие мысли оратора, переводчик может заменить причастие именной конструкцией:

Интересы этих народов требуют, чтобы были приняты безотлагательные меры по оздоровлению обстановки в регионе. – The interests of those peoples require the taking of immediate measures/measures that can be taken/to improve the situation in the region.
*** В полной мере здесь должны быть использованы каналы Всемирной кампании за разоружение. – Full use should be made here of the opportunities provided by the World Disarmament Campaign.
в) Возможно опустить причастие:

Нам также представляется правильным принятый Комитетом подход к выработке общих рекомендаций, согласно которому акцент будет делаться на качестве разрабатываемых им рекомендаций. – We also believe that the Committee’s approach to drawing up recommendations is correct, namely that stress will be placed on the quality of the recommendations it produces/draws up/makes/comes up with.

г) Сведение причастного оборота к прилагательному:

Такой ориентированный на деловой результат подход даст возможность добиться необходимой активизации роли нашей комиссии. – Such a determined/vigorous/single-minded approach will provide/allow for the required/needed stepping up/intensification of the role of our committee.

3. Перевод предложений, начинающихся с глаголов со значением необходимости и долженствования:

there is

Требует своего совершенствования процедура рассмотрения документов. – There is a need to improve the procedure for consideration of documents.
Необходимо всемерно повышать… - There is a need to raise in every way/it is essential to raise in every way… Необходимо более тесное международное сотрудничество… - There is a need for closer international cooperation/What is needed is closer international cooperation…
Особенно эффективно использовать there is, если переводчик не хочет вводить подлежащее или ставить глагол в пассивную форму:

Надо это сделать. – There is a need to do it/
C.f. We need to do it. (введено подлежащее) This should be done. (глагол в пассиве)
4. Перевод безличных предложений.

It is - в качестве тематического подлежащего

Проводить тренировку лучше днем или вечером. – It is best to do these exercises in the afternoon or evening.
Легче попасть в беду, чем выпутаться из нее. – It is easier to get into trouble than out of it.
5. Если прямое дополнение, обозначающее предмет действия, превращается в английском предложении в подлежащее, то сказуемое выражается при помощи пассивной глагольной конструкции.

Толкали его. – He was pushed.
Первые шаги в этой области предприняла ЮНЕСКО. – The first steps in this field were taken by UNESCO.
6. Неопределенно-личные конструкции переводятся пассивом.

Говорят, он хороший актер. – He is said to be a good actor.
Ее считают способной учительницей. – She is considered a good teacher. Нам внушали, что наша система лучше. – We have been led to believe/told that our system is better.
Иногда глагол можно заменить существительным:

Готовились праздновать Новый год. – Preparations were under way/begun for celebrating New Year.

7. Безличная конструкция с инфинитивом переводится при помощи местоимения it или личного местоимения.

Радоваться нам надо, а не плакать. – We should be happy and not cry/instead of crying.
Не надо так говорить. – You must not say that/You shouldn’t talk like that. Что делать? – What should we/you do?
8. Русское прилагательное, помещенное на начальное место в предложении с целью выделения, может потребовать при переводе на английский, помимо изменения порядка слов, использования усилительного слова или конструкции.

Прекрасный ты испекла торт! – What a fantastic cake you baked!
Видела я первые его шаги. – I saw him take his very first steps. Голодная я! – Am I starving!/Because I’m hungry, that’s why! Невероятная это была история. – It was an absolutely unbelievable story.
9. Разделение в русском предложении словосочетания с целью логического выделения одного из слов может обусловить наличие в предложении двух интонационных центров.

Замечательный у тебя муж! – What a wonderful husband you have!
Очень сильно девочка ушиблась вчера. – She really got badly bruised yesterday. Триста ты мне должен долларов, дорогой! – That’s tree hundred you owe me, kiddo!
10. Интонационное выделение слова, стоящего в непривычной для себя начальной позиции, показывает, что именно оно особенно важно для говорящего. Такой инвертированный порядок слов характерен для вопросительных предложений в разговорном стиле.

Он к вам приходит когда? – When is it he’s coming to see you?
А говорит он ей что? – So what is he telling her?
***

Ваня, мне кажется, не пришел. ( интонационное выделение имени собственного) – I don’t think Vanya came.

Русско-английский словарь переводчика-синхрониста > СИНТАКСИС
18 сотрудничество сотрудничеств·о

1) cooperation, collaboration

обновлять формы сотрудничества — to update the forms of cooperation

осуществлять сотрудничество на основе равенства и взаимной выгоды — to cooperate on the basis of equality and mutual benefit

поддерживать отношения сотрудничества — to maintain a cooperative association (with)

предлагать сотрудничество — to proffer cooperation

работать в тесном сотрудничестве — to work in close cooperation (with)

развивать сотрудничество — to develop cooperation

расширять сферу сотрудничества — to expand the sphere of cooperation

способствовать дальнейшему расширению сотрудничества — to conribute to wider cooperation

укреплять сотрудничество — to strengthen cooperation

взаимовыгодное сотрудничество — mutually advantageous / beneficial cooperation

военное сотрудничество — military collaboration

всеобъемлющее сотрудничество — overall cooperation

всестороннее сотрудничество — all-round cooperation

выгодное сотрудничество — beneficial cooperation

деловое сотрудничество — business(-like) cooperation

налаживать деловое сотрудничество — to establish business(-like) cooperation

долговременное сотрудничество — long-term cooperation

добрососедское сотрудничество — good-neighbourly cooperation

испытанное временем сотрудничество — time-tested cooperation

комплексное сотрудничество — comprehensive collaboration

конструктивное сотрудничество — constructive cooperation

крупномасштабное сотрудничество — large-scale cooperation

культурное сотрудничество — cultural cooperation

межгосударственное сотрудничество — inter-state cooperation

международное сотрудничество — international cooperation

международное правовое сотрудничество — international judicial cooperation

международное сотрудничество государств — international associations of states

международное сотрудничество в сфере валютных отношений — international monetary cooperation

международное научно-техническое сотрудничество — international cooperation in (the fields of) science and technology, international scientific and technological cooperation

международное сотрудничество на неправительственном уровне — international cooperation at the nongovernmental level

международное сотрудничество на правительственном уровне — international cooperation at the governmental level

международное экономическое сотрудничество — international economic cooperation

мирное сотрудничество — peaceful cooperation

мирное сотрудничество по освоению ресурсов Арктики — peaceful cooperation in developing resources of the Arctic

многостороннее сотрудничество — multilateral cooperation

научное сотрудничество — scientific cooperation

непосредственное сотрудничество — direct cooperation

общеевропейское сотрудничество — All-European cooperation

плодотворное сотрудничество — fruitful / effective / productive cooperation

постоянное сотрудничество — continuous cooperation

промышленное сотрудничество — industrial cooperation

равноправное сотрудничество — cooperation on the basis of equality, equitable cooperation

разностороннее сотрудничество — many-sided cooperation

растущее сотрудничество — growing cooperation

региональное сотрудничество — regional cooperation

устойчивое сотрудничество — induring cooperation

тесное сотрудничество — close cooperation

техническое сотрудничество — technical cooperation

широкое сотрудничество — broad cooperation

широкое многоплановое сотрудничество — extensive multifaceted cooperation

экономическое сотрудничество — economic cooperation

Азиатско-тихоокеанское экономическое сотрудничество — Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation

современные формы экономического сотрудничества — up-to-date forms of economic cooperation

области сотрудничества — areas of cooperation

обоюдное стремление к сотрудничеству — mutual striving for cooperation

перспективы сотрудничества — prospects for cooperation

развитие сотрудничества — development of cooperation

расширение сотрудничества — expansion of cooperation

сотрудничество в борьбе против незаконного международного оборота наркотиков — cooperation in combatting international narcotics trafficking

сотрудничество в деле охраны окружающей среды — cooperation in the field of environmental protection, environmental cooperation

сотрудничество в интересах мира — cooperation in the interests of peace

сотрудничество в области мирного исследования космоса — cooperation in the field of peaceful space exploration

сотрудничество в сфере валютных отношений — monetary cooperation

сотрудничество социальных групп — social cooperation

новые сферы сотрудничества — new fields of cooperation

углубление сотрудничества — deepening of cooperation

укрепление сотрудничества — strengthening of cooperation

2) (работа где-л.) work; (в газете) contributing, contribution

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > сотрудничество сотрудничеств·о
19 творческий

creative [krɪ'eɪtɪv]; constructive

тво́рческий путь худо́жника — development of an artist

тво́рческая мысль — creative thought

- творческий отпуск

Американизмы. Русско-английский словарь. > творческий

См. также в других словарях:

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constructive — con strucÂ·tive || tÉªv adj. helpful, useful, promoting development; of construction … English contemporary dictionary
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constructive development

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constructive development

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